Tutorial Playlist
200 Lessons1. Introduction to Python
2. Features of Python
3. How to install python in windows
4. How to Install Python on macOS
5. Install Python on Linux
6. Hello World Program in Python
7. Python Variables
8. Global Variable in Python
9. Python Keywords and Identifiers
10. Assert Keyword in Python
11. Comments in Python
12. Escape Sequence in Python
13. Print In Python
14. Python-if-else-statement
15. Python for Loop
16. Nested for loop in Python
17. While Loop in Python
18. Python’s do-while Loop
19. Break in Python
20. Break Pass and Continue Statement in Python
21. Python Try Except
22. Data Types in Python
23. Float in Python
24. String Methods Python
25. List in Python
26. List Methods in Python
27. Tuples in Python
28. Dictionary in Python
29. Set in Python
30. Operators in Python
31. Boolean Operators in Python
32. Arithmetic Operators in Python
33. Assignment Operator in Python
34. Bitwise operators in Python
35. Identity Operator in Python
36. Operator Precedence in Python
37. Functions in Python
38. Lambda and Anonymous Function in Python
39. Range Function in Python
40. len() Function in Python
41. How to Use Lambda Functions in Python?
42. Random Function in Python
43. Python __init__() Function
44. String Split function in Python
45. Round function in Python
46. Find Function in Python
47. How to Call a Function in Python?
48. Python Functions Scope
49. Method Overloading in Python
50. Method Overriding in Python
51. Static Method in Python
52. Python List Index Method
53. Python Modules
54. Math Module in Python
55. Module and Package in Python
56. OS module in Python
57. Python Packages
58. OOPs Concepts in Python
59. Class in Python
60. Abstract Class in Python
61. Object in Python
62. Constructor in Python
63. Inheritance in Python
64. Multiple Inheritance in Python
65. Encapsulation in Python
66. Data Abstraction in Python
67. Opening and closing files in Python
68. How to open JSON file in Python
69. Read CSV Files in Python
70. How to Read a File in Python
71. How to Open a File in Python?
72. Python Write to File
73. JSON Python
74. Python JSON – How to Convert a String to JSON
75. Python JSON Encoding and Decoding
76. Exception Handling in Python
77. Recursion in Python
78. Python Decorators
79. Python Threading
80. Multithreading in Python
81. Multiprocеssing in Python
82. Python Regular Expressions
83. Enumerate() in Python
84. Map in Python
85. Filter in Python
86. Eval in Python
87. Difference Between List, Tuple, Set, and Dictionary in Python
88. List to String in Python
89. Linked List in Python
90. Length of list in Python
91. Reverse a List in Python
92. Python List remove() Method
93. How to Add Elements in a List in Python
94. How to Reverse a List in Python?
95. Difference Between List and Tuple in Python
96. List Slicing in Python
97. Sort in Python
98. Merge Sort in Python
99. Selection Sort in Python
100. Sort Array in Python
101. Sort Dictionary by Value in Python
102. Datetime Python
103. Random Number in Python
104. 2D Array in Python
105. Abs in Python
106. Advantages of Python
107. Anagram Program in Python
108. Append in Python
109. Applications of Python
110. Armstrong Number in Python
111. Assert in Python
112. Binary Search in Python
113. Binary to Decimal in Python
114. Bool in Python
115. Calculator Program in Python
116. chr in Python
117. Control Flow Statements in Python
118. Convert String to Datetime Python
119. Count in python
120. Counter in Python
121. Data Visualization in Python
122. Datetime in Python
123. Extend in Python
124. F-string in Python
125. Fibonacci Series in Python
126. Format in Python
127. GCD of Two Numbers in Python
128. How to Become a Python Developer
129. How to Run Python Program
130. In Which Year Was the Python Language Developed?
131. Indentation in Python
132. Index in Python
133. Interface in Python
134. Is Python Case Sensitive?
135. Isalpha in Python
136. Isinstance() in Python
137. Iterator in Python
138. Join in Python
139. Leap Year Program in Python
140. Lexicographical Order in Python
141. Literals in Python
142. Matplotlib
143. Matrix Multiplication in Python
144. Memory Management in Python
145. Modulus in Python
146. Mutable and Immutable in Python
147. Namespace and Scope in Python
148. OpenCV Python
149. Operator Overloading in Python
150. ord in Python
Now Reading
151. Palindrome in Python
152. Pass in Python
153. Pattern Program in Python
154. Perfect Number in Python
155. Permutation and Combination in Python
156. Prime Number Program in Python
157. Python Arrays
158. Python Automation Projects Ideas
159. Python Frameworks
160. Python Graphical User Interface GUI
161. Python IDE
162. Python input and output
163. Python Installation on Windows
164. Python Object-Oriented Programming
165. Python PIP
166. Python Seaborn
167. Python Slicing
168. type() function in Python
169. Queue in Python
170. Replace in Python
171. Reverse a Number in Python
172. Reverse a string in Python
173. Reverse String in Python
174. Stack in Python
175. scikit-learn
176. Selenium with Python
177. Self in Python
178. Sleep in Python
179. Speech Recognition in Python
180. Split in Python
181. Square Root in Python
182. String Comparison in Python
183. String Formatting in Python
184. String Slicing in Python
185. Strip in Python
186. Subprocess in Python
187. Substring in Python
188. Sum of Digits of a Number in Python
189. Sum of n Natural Numbers in Python
190. Sum of Prime Numbers in Python
191. Switch Case in Python
192. Python Program to Transpose a Matrix
193. Type Casting in Python
194. What are Lists in Python?
195. Ways to Define a Block of Code
196. What is Pygame
197. Why Python is Interpreted Language?
198. XOR in Python
199. Yield in Python
200. Zip in Python
Every coder, at one point or another, stumbles upon the intricacies of character encoding. In Python, a programming giant, understanding these nuances can propel one's coding journey. The ord in Python, or ord(), is a foundation stone. In this tutorial, we’ll explore its depths, enabling you to optimize this function to your advantage.
Over the years, Python has built its reputation on an extensive library of built-in functions. Standing tall amongst them is the ord() function, known to fetch an integer representing the Unicode character. In this tutorial, we seek to unravel the operations of ord in Python, assisting developers in bridging the gap between rudimentary and expert Python know-how.
Character encoding has always been a cornerstone of programming, especially in languages as versatile as Python. Within this vast universe of encoding, Unicode and ASCII stand as paramount standards. While ASCII, an older standard, uses 7 bits to represent each character, Unicode, with its 8 bits, promises a more inclusive representation, accommodating a broader range of characters from various scripts worldwide.
At the heart of this encoding world lies the ord() function in Python. Essentially, the purpose of ord() is to provide a bridge, a link that connects the world of characters to numbers. This function effectively transforms a character into its respective Unicode number. Its operation is beautifully simple: with the syntax ord(character), it swiftly returns the Unicode integer representing the character provided.
But in the vast sea of functions, what makes ord() so special? Its applications are endless. From encryption algorithms where character manipulation is vital, to data validation scenarios where understanding a character's numeric position is essential, ord() has proven indispensable.
Yet, understanding ord() in isolation is a half-baked story. Its counterpart, chr(), completes the narrative. If you think of ord() as the gateway from characters to their numeric identities, then chr() serves as a return portal. It does the opposite of ord(), taking numbers (especially those produced by ord()) and reverting them back into their character forms. For instance, while ord(b) in Python would yield a number, taking that number and placing it within chr() would give you 'b' back. This duality and balance between the two functions illuminate the true intricacies of character encoding in Python.
The ord() function in Python has the following syntax:
ord(character)
In the above syntax,
character: This is the character for which you want to find the Unicode code point (integer representation). It should be a string of length 1, representing a single character.
The ord() function takes a single argument, which is the character you want to convert to its Unicode code point. It returns an integer representing the Unicode code point of the character.
Code:
character = 'B'
unicode_value = ord(character)
print(f"The Unicode code point of '{character}' is {unicode_value}")
In this example, we use the ord() function to find the Unicode code point of the character 'B'.
It will output:
The Unicode code point of 'B' is 66.
The ord() function expects a single character (a string of length 1) as an argument. If you pass an argument that is not a single character, it will raise a TypeError.
For example:
unicode_value = ord(0) # This will raise a TypeError
The error message will be something like:
TypeError: ord() expected string of length 1, but int found
To use the ord() function correctly, you should pass a single character (string of length 1) as its argument.
1. Using ord() to Get the Unicode Code Point:
Code:
character = 'A'
unicode_value = ord(character)
print(f"The Unicode code point of '{character}' is {unicode_value}")
2. Using chr() to Convert Back to a Character:
The chr() function is used to convert a Unicode code point (integer) back into a character. You pass an integer to chr(), and it returns the corresponding character.
Code:
unicode_value = 65
character = chr(unicode_value)
print(f"The character corresponding to {unicode_value} is '{character}'")
Code:
character = 'A'
unicode_value = ord(character)
print(f"The Unicode code point of '{character}' is {unicode_value}")
# Now, let's use chr() to convert it back to a character
converted_character = chr(unicode_value)
print(f"Converting back to character: '{converted_character}'")
In this program, we will create a password strength checker that evaluates the complexity of a user's password. We will use the ord() function to assess the strength based on character types.
Code:
def password_strength(password):
has_lowercase = False
has_uppercase = False
has_digit = False
has_special = False
for char in password:
# Check if the character is a lowercase letter
if 'a' <= char <= 'z':
has_lowercase = True
# Check if the character is an uppercase letter
elif 'A' <= char <= 'Z':
has_uppercase = True
# Check if the character is a digit
elif '0' <= char <= '9':
has_digit = True
else:
# Check if the character is a special character
has_special = True
strength = 0
if len(password) >= 8:
strength += 1
if has_lowercase:
strength += 1
if has_uppercase:
strength += 1
if has_digit:
strength += 1
if has_special:
strength += 1
return strength
# Input password to check
user_password = input("Enter your password: ")
strength = password_strength(user_password)
if strength == 5:
print("Strong password!")
elif strength >= 3:
print("Moderate password.")
else:
print("Weak password. Please consider strengthening it.")
Explanation:
The password_strength function evaluates the strength of a password by checking for various criteria: length, lowercase letters, uppercase letters, digits, and special characters.
The ord() function is not explicitly used here, but it indirectly plays a role in identifying character types by comparing their Unicode code points.
In this program, we will perform custom sorting of a list of strings based on their Unicode order, with special consideration for accented characters.
Code:
# Create a list of strings with accented characters
words = ["café", "über", "naïve", "élite", "château"]
# Custom sorting function that considers accented characters
def custom_sort(word):
return [ord(char) for char in word]
sorted_words = sorted(words, key=custom_sort)
print("Sorted List of Words:")
for word in sorted_words:
print(word)
Explanation:
In this program, we have a list of words containing accented characters, such as "café" and "naïve." We define a custom sorting function custom_sort that calculates a list of Unicode code points for each character in a word. This custom sorting key ensures that accented characters are correctly sorted in the list.
The ord() function is used to obtain the Unicode code points of each character within the custom_sort function. When we sort the list of words using sorted() and provide the custom_sort function as the key, the words are sorted in a way that correctly handles accented characters.
In this program, we will create a Unicode character frequency analyzer that analyzes the frequency of characters in a given text. We will use the ord() function to map characters to their Unicode code points and count their occurrences.
Code:
def character_frequency_analyzer(text):
# Create a dictionary to store character frequencies
character_freq = {}
for char in text:
# Use the ord() function to get the Unicode code point of the character
unicode_value = ord(char)
# Increment the character's frequency count in the dictionary
if unicode_value in character_freq:
character_freq[unicode_value] += 1
else:
character_freq[unicode_value] = 1
return character_freq
# Input text to analyze
input_text = "Python is an amazing programming language with a rich character set."
# Analyze the character frequencies
freq_map = character_frequency_analyzer(input_text)
# Display character frequencies
print("Character Frequencies:")
for unicode_value, frequency in freq_map.items():
character = chr(unicode_value)
print(f"Character '{character}' (Unicode: {unicode_value}) appears {frequency} times.")
Explanation:
The character_frequency_analyzer function takes a text as input and analyzes the frequency of characters in the text. Inside the function, the ord() function is used to obtain the Unicode code point of each character in the text. A dictionary called character_freq is used to store the frequencies of characters, where the keys are Unicode code points, and the values are the corresponding frequencies.
The function iterates through the text, updates the character frequencies in the dictionary, and returns the resulting dictionary. Finally, the program displays the character frequencies, including the character itself (using chr() to convert the Unicode code point back to a character), the Unicode code point, and the frequency count.
Embracing the depths of the ord() function in Python unveils a world of enhanced coding proficiency. As the programming possibilities of Python expand, nuances such as these set a developer apart. If you're on the path to mastering Python, upGrad offers meticulously crafted courses tailored for upskilling. Your journey toward excellence has only just begun.
1. How does chr in Python complement ord()?
chr() is the counter function to ord(). For any integer, chr() provides the corresponding Unicode character, ensuring a complete understanding of character encoding in Python.
2. Does ord(a) yield the same result as ord(z)?
No. Every character has a distinct Unicode value. ord(a) returns 97, whereas ord(z) results in 122.
3. Can you summarize the relationship between ord() and chr in Python?
Certainly. They are inversely related functions. ord() fetches a character's Unicode value, and chr() reverts a Unicode value back to its character representation.
4. Why might unsupported escape sequence in string literal Python arise?
This arises when an unrecognized escape sequence is used. It's crucial to ensure that only supported sequences are employed in Python strings.
5. How is ord(65) in Python manifested?
ord() expects a character. For the value 65, the correct usage would be chr(65), which yields the character 'A'. On the other hand, ord(‘A’) would give you 65.
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upGrad does not grant credit; credits are granted, accepted or transferred at the sole discretion of the relevant educational institution offering the diploma or degree. We advise you to enquire further regarding the suitability of this program for your academic, professional requirements and job prospects before enr...