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Summary: In this article, you will learn the advantages of object-oriented programming. Take a glimpse below. Troubleshooting is easier with the OOP language Code Reusability Productivity Data Redundancy Code Flexibility Solving problems Security Read the complete article to know more. Object-Oriented Programming is a type of programming approach that uses the concepts of objects and classes. A program written within the Object-Oriented Programming approach will have reusable blocks of codes termed classes. These classes are further used for creating instances of the objects. Due to several benefits offered by Object-Oriented Programming, many programming languages have been developed following the gen concepts of OOP. The programming languages that follow OOP are Java, Python, and C++. Also check out our free courses to get an edge over the competition. Explore our Popular Software Engineering Courses Master of Science in Computer Science from LJMU & IIITB Caltech CTME Cybersecurity Certificate Program Full Stack Development Bootcamp PG Program in Blockchain Executive PG Program in Full Stack Development View All our Courses Below Software Engineering Courses A class may be defined as a blueprint for creating specific objects. Whenever a class is specified, it means that attributes are shared within the class. Object-Oriented Programming revolves around the concept of objects. In the area of software development, Object-Oriented Programming language has become a fundamental part. Mainly with developing languages like Java and C++, software development would have been a problematic approach. Therefore, without having a clear concept and understanding of Object-Oriented Programming, software development for mobile couldn’t be carried out. Apart from mobile application development, even in web development, Object-Oriented Deprogramming has played a crucial role, mainly in developing OOP languages such as Python, Ruby, and PHP. Explore Our Software Development Free Courses Fundamentals of Cloud Computing JavaScript Basics from the scratch Data Structures and Algorithms Blockchain Technology React for Beginners Core Java Basics Java Node.js for Beginners Advanced JavaScript The OOP uses objects in programming, the reason to use OOPs in a code is to increase the reusability and readability of a code. There are many principles that work in OOP. Such as encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism. It provides a better programming style, as the class can be instantiated once a call has been created which could be used in any part of the application. You can also consider doing our Java Bootcamp course from upGrad to upskill your career. Considering this concept of programming, a lot of benefits have been associated with Object-Oriented Programming. The article will discuss the advantages of OOPs (Object-Oriented Programming). Key Concepts of OOP in Java Exploring the foundational principles of Object-oriented programming in Java is a crucial starting point before delving into its advantages. Java is founded on the idea of objects, representing real-world entities with their own data (state) and behavior (methods). Objects stem from classes, serving as blueprints that outline attributes and functions an object will possess. Defining an object’s properties and methods through a class fosters organized and reusable code. Benefits of OOP include yielding code that is modular and well-structured. Encapsulation is another core concept, prioritizing data protection by limiting access. In Java, encapsulation is achieved by bundling data and methods within a class. This practice conceals internal workings from external classes, safeguarding data against unintended changes. These are important benefits of object oriented programming. Access to encapsulated data relies on designated methods like accessors and mutators. Embracing encapsulation heightens code security, fosters modularity, and enhances codebase maintainability. In Java, inheritance entails the transfer of properties and behaviors from one class to another, establishing a connection between a parent class and its multiple child classes. This hierarchical structure introduces parent-child relationships, where a parent class can have numerous children. By utilizing inheritance, our code gains a structured hierarchy, enabling child classes (referred to as subclasses) to acquire attributes and methods from a parent class (also known as a superclass). Inheritance supports code reuse, as subclasses can expand and tailor inherited functionalities from a parent class while still inheriting shared attributes and methods. This comes under the advantages of OOP. In object oriented programming advantages of inheritance include aiding in streamlining codebases, minimizing repetition, and enhancing code clarity. Ultimately, inheritance enables better organization, reduces redundancy, and improves code readability, resulting in code that is easily maintainable and more straightforward to troubleshoot when errors arise. Polymorphism, the fourth pillar of OOP. Benefits of OOPs is that it empowers programmers to treat objects from classes as instances of a shared superclass or interface. In Java, polymorphism enables the use of generic code, eliminating the need for explicit type checks. This allows objects to exhibit unique responses to the same method call based on their individual implementations. Utilizing polymorphism simplifies code maintenance and extensibility, facilitating the enhancement of existing code without significant alterations. The last concept we’ll explore is abstraction, which involves the use of abstract classes and interfaces. An abstract class serves as a framework for subclasses, incorporating both concrete and abstract methods. In contrast, an interface outlines a set of method requirements that a class must implement. Advantages of OOPs is that abstraction enhances comprehension of intricate systems by breaking them down into more manageable components or modules. Advantages of OOPS 1. Troubleshooting is easier with the OOP language Suppose the user has no idea where the bug lies if there is an error within the code. Also, the user has no idea where to look into the code to fix the error. This is quite difficult for standard programming languages. However, when Object-Oriented Programming is applied, the user knows exactly where to look into the code whenever there is an error. There is no need to check other code sections as the error will show where the trouble lies. Let’s understand it by this example, your mobile you are using your phone and suddenly the screen turns white and then turned off. You infer that the reason behind this must be a problem with the motherboard of your phone. Encapsulation is the reason behind this, there is no need to go after every code in order to understand a problem. Featured Program for you: Fullstack Development Bootcamp Course It is mainly encapsulation that makes the objects are self-contained. This further helps in troubleshooting and easier collaborative development. 2. Code Reusability One of two important concepts that are provided by Object-Oriented Programming is the concept of inheritance. Through inheritance, the same attributes of a class are not required to be written repeatedly. This avoids the issues where the same code has still to be written multiple times in a code. With the introduction of the concept of classes, the code section can be used as many times as required in the program. Through the inheritance approach, a child class is created that inherits the fields and methods of the parent class. The methods and values that are present in the parent class can be easily overridden. Through inheritance, the features of one class can be inherited by another class by extending the class. Therefore, inheritance is vital for providing code reusability and also multilevel inheritance. One of the benefits of oop in c++ is the productivity of a code. For example, under the pen class object, one person needs a blue pen class, and the other wants a black pen class. But despite these pen class objects being of different types but they do share a commonality. The commonality for them is that they both are different colour types of pens. This is one of the biggest advantages of oop in c++. Thus, Object-Oriented Programming offers the feature of class reusability where the class that is once created can be used again. In doing so, time is saved, and the need for extra coding is eliminated as similar features can be inherited. Our learners also read: Learn java online free! 3. Productivity The productivity of two codes increases through the use of Object-Oriented Programming. This is because the OOP has provided so many libraries that new programs have become more accessible. Also, as it provides the facility of code reusability, the length of a code is decreased, further enhancing the faster development of newer codes and programs. One of the advantages of using OOP in C++ is the productivity of a code as it not only saves time but also the possibility of errors. When a code is being put into a library, the steps for manual programming are not required. The codes can be easily accessed in these libraries. 4. Data Redundancy By the term data redundancy, it means that the data is repeated twice. This means that the same data is present more than one time. In Object-Oriented Deprogramming the data redundancy is considered to be an advantage. For example, the user wants to have a functionality that is similar to almost all the classes. In such cases, the user can create classes with similar functionaries and inherit them wherever required. Although redundancy by the term is not appealing here it is considered as one of the advantages of object oriented programming, the main reason is that it reduces the repetition of a mundane task. If some data is required to be used again then the data from a similar functionary can be utilised. And the efforts can go into doing those tasks which require more attention. In-Demand Software Development Skills JavaScript Courses Core Java Courses Data Structures Courses Node.js Courses SQL Courses Full stack development Courses NFT Courses DevOps Courses Big Data Courses React.js Courses Cyber Security Courses Cloud Computing Courses Database Design Courses Python Courses Cryptocurrency Courses upGrad’s Exclusive Software and Tech Webinar for you – SAAS Business – What is So Different? document.createElement('video'); https://cdn.upgrad.com/blog/mausmi-ambastha.mp4   5. Code Flexibility The flexibility is offered through the concept of Polymorphism. A scenario can be considered for a better understanding of the concept. A person can behave differently whenever the surroundings change. For example, if the person is in a market, the person will behave like a customer, or the behavior might get changed to a student when the person is in a school or any institution. In this example, it can be observed that different behaviors are shown by the same person whenever the surroundings around the person get changed. This could explain the concept of Polymorphism and its flexibility. The developers benefit through Polymorphism in the following ways: simplicity and extensibility. Polymorphism is one of the benefits of oop as it gives scope to a code to be in more than one form. 6. Solving problems Problems can be efficiently solved by breaking down the problem into smaller pieces and this makes as one of the big advantages of object-oriented programming. If a complex problem is broken down into smaller pieces or components, it becomes a good programming practice. Considering this fact, OOPS utilizes this feature where it breaks down the code of the software into smaller pieces of the object into bite-size pieces that are created one at a time. Once the problem is broken down, these broken pieces can be used again to solve other problems. Also, the more minor codes can get replaced through the modules with the same interface having the implementation details. Read our Popular Articles related to Software Development Why Learn to Code? How Learn to Code? How to Install Specific Version of NPM Package? Types of Inheritance in C++ What Should You Know? 7. Security Because of the concept of data abstraction in OOPS, only a limited amount of data is shown to the user which makes good benefits of oop. The rest data is not exposed while exposing only the required amount of data. Therefore, it allows the maintenance of security. Another set of benefits of oop in java concept of abstraction is used to hide the complexity from other users and demonstrate the element’s information as per the requirements. It also helps in avoiding repetitive code. Another concept provided in OOPS is the feature of encapsulation that allows the protection of the data in the classes from getting accessed by the system. All the internal contents in the class can be safeguarded. In Java, encapsulation is mainly used for restricting access to the class fields directly while setting all the fields of the class to private. The code in the OOPS is easy maintenance coding due to the presence of a coding base in a central way. Therefore it is easy to create procedure code that can be easily maintained.  Also visit upGrad’s Degree Counselling page for all undergraduate and postgraduate programs. 8. Code Organization Benefits of OOP in Java is that Object-Oriented Programming (OOP) offers a significant advantage by allowing developers to encapsulate data and behavior within classes and objects. Advantages of object oriented programming are that this approach emphasizes maintaining data integrity and preventing unintended data access. By assigning distinct roles and functions to classes, developers can effectively segment the codebase into smaller, autonomous modules. This practice enhances code extensibility and simplifies maintenance tasks, ultimately minimizing the efforts and resources required for debugging and issue resolution within code blocks. Additionally, Java provides a package system that empowers programmers to organize interconnected classes into meaningful entities. OOPs advantages are that these packages enable the creation of a hierarchical arrangement for code management and organization. When developers group classes together, it facilitates the definition of distinct boundaries, fostering a more scalable codebase. Moreover, packages facilitate both access control and visibility management of classes and their components, contributing to heightened code security and reinforced encapsulation principles. Conclusion A lot of benefits of object-oriented programming are further associated with the use of OOPs. Therefore the benefits of Object-Oriented Programming are: Users can build programs from the standard modules that communicate with each other. This prevents writing the code again from scratch, which ultimately saves the development time of the code and therefore is higher productivity of the program. Problems can be solved easily through OOPS because a program can be broken down into bit-sized codes or problems that can be easily solved.  With the development of technology, the maintenance cost of the programs is reduced, and there is increased productivity.  The upgrade of the OOP system of languages can be easily done from smaller systems to larger systems.  Without interference, there might be multiple instances of the same object. A lot of advantages have been described in the article. Also, the benefits associated with Object-Oriented Programming have been discussed. Due to these benefits and advantages provided by Object-Oriented Programming, programming languages following the features of OOPS have been widely used in the software development sector. Understanding the different concepts of OOPS and getting an idea of the languages following OOPS is essential if anyone wants to thrive in software development. If you have an interest in the area of software development, then you can check the course titled “Executive PG Programme in Software Development – Specialisation in Full Stack Development” offered by IIIT-B at upGrad. You will be trained by experts during the course and guided through industry-oriented projects suggesting placement in top industries. Specially designed for working professionals, the course aims to provide the best at your ease. For any help and information, you may contact our team of assistance. 

Are you an MCA student wondering what career options you have? Then you’ve come to the right place because this article will tell you the average MCA salary and all the related info. You’ll learn the median wages of different MCA specializations. Then, we’ll discuss the highest-paying jobs for MCA graduates. Let’s begin: Who is an MCA Graduate? MCA (Master of Computer Applications) course focuses on imparting theoretical and practical knowledge and training related to computer science discipline and area. With the computer applications subjects as the key domain, this course teaches you how to use computer applications to complete tasks and solve a problem. Usually, the course duration is two years. During this course, students master different programming languages that help them to earn a decent MCA graduate salary. Moreover, this program qualifies the students to advance further in Computer Application Development and related fields. Completing this course with dedication and focus can help you achieve your dream MCA course salary. Average Salary of MCA Graduates (Source) MCA stands for Master of Computer Applications. It’s a PG course and gives specialized knowledge of computer science, organization, and applications. The median salary of MCA graduates in India is INR 7.58 Lakh per annum. Freshers with an MCA degree earn around INR 1.99 Lakh per annum. On the other hand, senior professionals with an MCA degree earn around INR 20 Lakh per annum. You should note that your salary would depend on many factors, such as location, employer, and experience. Popular employers for MCA graduates include the likes of HCL Technologies, Tata Consultancy Services, Accenture, etc.  Completing an MCA course opens many doors for you. Apart from conventional roles, you can pursue many lucrative positions by completing specialized courses.  Salary of MCA Graduates According to Specialization Your specialization can affect your salary substantially. So in this section of our article on MCA salary, we’ll look at the average salaries for different disciplines: MCA in Software Development (Source) If you’re interested in entering the tech sector, you must’ve heard of software development. It is among the most popular career choices among MCA students. Software developers are responsible for building the required computer software for their clients. As a software developer, you can find jobs in tech giants (Microsoft, Adobe, etc.), marketing agencies, and tech companies. You can pursue software development roles in companies with an MCA specialized in software development. The median salary of MCA graduates with software development is INR 5.99 Lakh per year. Freshers with this course and specialization earn around INR 2.3 Lakh per annum. Experienced professionals with this degree and specialization earn a median salary of INR 20 Lakh per annum. Your skills and experience affect your salary in this field substantially. Popular companies looking for MCA in software development professionals include Oracle, FIS, and Zensar.  MCA in Management Information Systems (MIS) (Source) A popular choice among MCA students is to specialize in Management Information Systems (MIS). An MIS is an information system that helps in decision-making and coordinates, controls, analyzes, and visualizes information in a company. MIS enhances management control, strategic planning, transaction processing, and operational control. Business schools and schools of Information Studies offer MCA in Management Information Systems (MIS) specialisation programs. It covers key subjects like Management Practices, Strategic Management of Business, Essentiality of Strategic Planning, Development of Business Strategies and Types of Strategies, The Concept of Corporate Planning, Concepts of Decision Making, Business Processes, Business Process Re-engineering, and Process Model of the Organization. Thoroughly learning all these subjects helps you to earn your desired MCA salary in India. After completing this MCA specialisation, graduates get prepared to design solutions for the problems of the organisation using the latest technology. Moreover, this specialisation represents a perfect combination of leadership and technology that equips the graduates with the potential to transform the organisations using the technology. Hence, exceptionally qualified MCA graduates in MIS can get high-paying MCA graduate salaries. Apart from those benefits, MIS professionals help companies in getting the optimal results from their investments. The median salary of MCA graduates with a specialization in Management Information Systems (MIS) is INR 2.94 Lakh per annum. With more experience, you can pursue higher roles in this field through this degree.  MCA in Data Science The data science sector in India is one of the quickest growing and rising industries at a rate of over 33% annually. Due to the high demand for data science professionals, many students choose this field as their area of concentration. The average compensation package provided, which is 7 LPA, also reflects this desire. MCA in Artificial Intelligence Artificial intelligence is the kind of intelligence that robots can exhibit through their learning capacity. No one can dispute the reach of AI because it has permeated every sector of business and even our daily lives. There are numerous job choices in AI. One can never predict how vast the employment potential can be in a field like AI, which is still undergoing discovery. AI has enormous prospects, and since there is still much to be discovered in this discipline, there is also a great chance that someone will succeed in it. According to Payscale, Accenture is the top recruiter, and the average income for an MCA graduate with a specialization in artificial intelligence is around 3 LPA. MCA graduate salary under this discipline is bound to grow as the field is experiencing significant growth on a global level.  MCA in Cloud Computing According to Gartner’s forecast, the global cloud industry is expected to surpass US$ 330 billion. The field of cloud computing is still being investigated and has a lot of room to expand in the years to come. Numerous businesses are making significant investments in cloud computing as a result of their realization of its potential. There is a bright side for those seeking an MCA in cloud computing because they will have higher stability and growth prospects. According to Payscale, an MCA graduate with a concentration in cloud computing may expect to make an average salary of roughly 7.94 LPA. An entry-level candidate might make about 6.31 LPA. MCA salary in India as a cloud computing professional is sure to bring you lucrative roles under leading brand names. MCA in Full-Stack Development Full Stack Development has become one of the most well-known choices to students. MNCs worldwide seek an MCA in full-stack development, providing them with a good salary. The abrupt move toward the online world has raised the demand for full-stack developers, and businesses are searching for experienced developers as they work to establish a solid presence online. As per Payscale, MCA salary in India specializing in full-stack development may expect an average of Rs 2.5 and Rs 6 LPA salary. Companies such as Cognizant, Infosys, TCS, and Accenture offer high MCA graduate salary so candidates can look for opportunities under these names. MCA in Software Engineering (Source) Many people confuse software engineering with software development even though they are different specializations. Software engineers apply software engineering principles to design, develop, maintain, test, and evaluate computer software. On the other hand, software developers focus on building the required software. Software engineers’ primary focus remains on architecture.  The median salary of MCA graduates with a specialization in Software Engineering is INR 8 Lakh per annum. Beginners with this specialization earn around INR 2.5 Lakh per annum. However, as you gain more experience and skills, your pay increases exponentially in this field. Seasoned professionals with an MCA degree specialized in Software Engineering earn INR 20 Lakh per annum on average. As a software engineer, you can bag lucrative roles in MNCs, tech service providers, startups, and even agencies.  MCA in Computer Networking Systems (Source) Computer networking is another prevalent specialization among MCA students. With this degree, you can pursue technical roles in many companies such as Application Developer, Technical Support Engineer, and Software Programmer. The median salary of professionals with MCA in Computer Networking Systems is INR 6.24 Lakh per annum. Beginners in this field earn around INR 2.6 Lakh per annum, whereas experienced professionals can earn up to INR 30 Lakh per annum. Remember that your wages in this field depend on many factors, such as your location and employer.  Must Read: Career Options After MCA Jobs with the Highest MCA Salary In this section, we’ll look at the jobs that pay you the best MCA salary. Knowing about the highest-paying roles can help you make better career choices and plan your future more correctly. Here are the jobs with the highest MCA salary: IT Team Leader (Source) An IT team leader is responsible for the operations of their team. They manage a team of IT professionals for an enterprise. They help the company design, install, and maintain their IT systems. IT team leaders develop software and hardware, manage the website, handle data collection, and automate their company’s required tasks. They have to ensure that their team members are always delivering optimal performance, so they might have to train them from time to time. IT team leaders have general management duties, including hiring, managing payroll, and giving performance reviews. Overall, the role of the IT team leader has many responsibilities. You might have to supplement your MCA with an MBA or a PG Diploma in Management to bag lucrative roles in this field.  The average pay of IT team leaders in India is INR 11.4 Lakh per year. New IT team leaders earn around INR 5.84 Lakh per annum, while those with sufficient industry experience make INR 20 Lakh per year on average.  Senior Software Developer (Source) Senior Software Developers (or Programmer or Engineer) are responsible for leading a team of software professionals to build their company’s required software. Their developed products are used by various businesses, and as the department heads, they ensure that their projects are of optimal quality. They must know how to make products that help their clients. Apart from their products, they should know how to lead their team. Strong leadership skills are crucial for this role.  Software Developers are chiefly engaged in designing and supervising complex software systems. One of their key job roles is to offer IT services by observing and evaluating the client’s requisites. Another key role is to design the software based on the stated requisites. The ability to accurately design the software system suggests that the MCA graduates in software development can get MCA highest salary in India. It demands several years of experience to work as a senior software developer. You can begin your career path initially by working as a junior software developer. Then by amassing enough experience, you can get a job role as a senior software developer. Remember that working as a senior software developer after MCA can be challenging. This is because you are expected to demonstrate your exceptional software development and coding skills. Thus, the MCA salary in India as a senior software developer is high. The average salary of a Senior Software Developer in India is INR 8.74 Lakh per year. Entry-level senior software developers earn around INR 4.86 Lakh per annum, whereas those with more than 20 years of professional experience get INR 20 Lakh per annum on average.  Project Manager (Source) Project managers are responsible for specific projects of an organization. They handle the planning, execution, and analysis of their designated project. A project manager’s job requires them to participate in client meetings, finalize contracts, manage the budget, and perform various other tasks related to their project.  They oversee the workings of the entire project. From managing the team to meeting deadlines, they are responsible for nearly all aspects of their project’s success. Apart from the necessary qualification, you should have strong organizational, communication, and planning skills. You can supplement your MCA with an MBA to bag such roles in major companies. An MBA can help you learn the required skills and become a sought-after option for recruiters.  Project management is one of the most lucrative sectors for MCA students. The median pay for project managers in India is INR 12.4 Lakh per annum. Popular employers for this role include Wipro Technologies, Tech Mahindra, Cognizant, and many similar others.  The average pay for Project managers in such companies is around INR 15 Lakh per annum. Experienced project managers earn around INR 20 Lakh per annum in this sector.  Also Read: Highest Paying Jobs in India Information Technology Consultant (Source) An Information Technology Consultant helps companies use information technology so they can achieve their business goals efficiently and effectively. They work with their teams to improve, build, and enhance their clients’ IT infrastructure. IT consultants are responsible for analyzing and solving the problems related to the client’s IT systems. IT consultants troubleshoot their client’s software and hardware. They discuss their clients’ requirements the specifications and present them with the required solutions. Along with a degree in computer science or computer applications, candidates might require additional certifications for some roles in this sector.  Information Technology Consultant needs to evaluate the business process and offer optimum software solutions and appropriate feedback to enhance business efficiency. An MCA degree can help you contribute towards enhancing business efficiency. MCA graduates are skilled enough to provide economical business solutions to boost the company’s sales process. Furthermore, the corresponding job role offers ultimate financial freedom to the level that you can begin your own software consultancy business. Considering the ability to boost business efficiency, the MCA course salary boost for the Information Technology Consultancy specialisation is great. Gaining experience as an information technology consultant helps MCA graduates to get the MCA highest salary in India. The median wage of an Information Technology Consultant in India is INR 8.99 Lakh per year. Their salary ranges from INR 3.9 Lakh per annum and goes up to INR 30 Lakh per annum. Like all the careers we have discussed in this article, their pay depends on many factors such as experience, employer, and location.  Popular employers for IT consultants are HCL Technologies, Capgemini, Infosys, and Tata Consultancy Services. Out of them, Tata Consultancy Services and HCL Technologies pay the highest salaries to their IT consultants.  Renowned companies offering jobs to MCA Graduates: Some of the leading IT companies that are always on the hunt for talented MCA graduates and offer them admirable salary after MCA are: Infosys Wipro Infotech HCL IBM Sathyam Mahindra Accenture Tata Consultancy Services Cognizant Capgemini All these companies recruit MCA graduates based on their practical work experience and skills. Hence, if you own suitable skills in the IT sector and have the zeal to take up challenging projects as an MCA graduate, you can surely get a decent salary after MCA. The ability to fulfil the requirements within the deadline is one of the desirable qualities for MCA graduates while making it one of the most sought-after career choices with an excellent MCA graduate salary. Job opportunities after you do MCA These are a few roles that offer some of the best job opportunities and highest package of MCA in India. Software developers – They plan, design, create, and manage the software. It also entails setting up and testing the aforementioned software. They work together with the client to comprehend the demands and meet them. Business Analyst – The technical and non-technical requirements or difficulties in an organization are evaluated by business analysts, who then offer a strategy or solution. Database engineer – Their responsibilities include creating and maintaining databases. They will also be responsible for fixing any database bugs. Hardware Engineer – To ensure that a computer system operates correctly, a hardware engineer must be committed to identifying and resolving issues arising during the system’s setup and testing. They work on both the manufacturing and testing of hardware goods. Software Consultant: A software consultant’s functions and duties include assessing and analyzing corporate operations and offering the best software options and other crucial knowledge to increase productivity. Fortunately, these are not the only roles to ensure highest package of MCA in India. Many other opportunities are awaiting talented candidates! Master of Computer Applications (MCA) Program Overview The Master of Computer Applications (MCA) programme is a postgraduate programme that aims to provide students with advanced knowledge and abilities in several areas of information technology and operations. The programme lasts two to three years and includes an extensive curriculum that covers programming dialects, software development, database administration, networking, and other topics. MCA graduates are well-versed in the analysis, architecture, and development of sophisticated software systems, which makes them significant assets in the IT business. Core Curriculum: The core curriculum of MCA programmes focuses on essential principles in the fields of computer science, mathematical concepts, and algos. Students will leave with a solid grasp of programming dialects such as Java, C++, and Py. Specialization Options: MCA programmes frequently provide specialisation tracks in software engineering, data science, artificial intelligence, cybersecurity, and web development. These specialisations enable students to customise their education to their professional goals. Practical Training: MCA programmes include practical components such as coding projects, software development laboratories, and internships. Hands-on experience guarantees that graduates are well-prepared to face real-world IT difficulties. Industry-Relevant Skills: MCA graduates get industry-relevant abilities in software design, system analysis, issue resolution, and project management. Employers in a variety of industries value these talents. Opportunities for Research: Some MCA programmes provide research opportunities, allowing students to dive into complex areas and contribute to cutting-edge computer science breakthroughs. Salary Growth and Career Progression for MCA Graduates The career trajectory of MCA graduates is marked by significant salary growth and diverse opportunities for advancement in the ever-evolving field of technology. Entry-Level Positions: Fresh MCA graduates often begin their careers as junior software developers, quality analysts, or system analysts. These roles provide a solid foundation for gaining practical experience. Performance-Linked Increments: As MCA graduates demonstrate their proficiency and contribute to projects, they can expect regular salary increments based on performance evaluations. Specialization Impact: MCA graduates who specialize in high-demand areas such as machine learning, cloud computing, or cybersecurity tend to command higher starting salaries due to their specialized expertise. Career Progression: With experience, MCA graduates can move into roles such as senior software engineer, technical lead, project manager, and solution architect. These roles come with increased responsibilities and commensurate salary hikes. Certifications and Skill Upgrades: Acquiring industry-recognized certifications and continuous skill upgrades can lead to salary growth and open doors to advanced roles. Certifications like Certified ScrumMaster (CSM), AWS Certified Solutions Architect, or Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP) enhance employability. Entrepreneurship and Consultancy: Some MCA graduates venture into entrepreneurship, establishing startups or offering consulting services. While entrepreneurship entails risks, successful ventures can lead to substantial financial rewards. Global Opportunities: The IT industry offers global opportunities for MCA graduates to work on international projects, collaborate with diverse teams, and potentially earn higher salaries in countries with strong tech markets. Lifelong Learning: MCA graduates who pursue continuous learning, engage in professional networks, and stay updated with industry trends are better positioned for sustained salary growth and career advancement. Final Thoughts Choosing the right career can be a daunting task. However, it would be best to keep your aspirations in mind while considering any career path. Do you want a job which pays you more? Or do you want a career that lets you solve complex problems? Answering such questions can remove a lot of confusion regarding career choice.  We hope you found our detailed article on MCA salary useful. If you have any questions or suggestions, please let us know through the comments below. We’d love to hear from you. 

Basics of Java Java, with its remarkable and dynamic features, has emerged as one of the most sought-after choices of developers for large-scale programming of web applications. It is a user-friendly language with a wide range of extraordinary features. Its compatibility with all the operating systems is the rich API has made it popular across the globe. The language offers robust community support and excellent documentation services. Java has a suite of solid development tools. Check out our free courses to get an edge over the competition. Explore Our Software Development Free Courses Fundamentals of Cloud Computing JavaScript Basics from the scratch Data Structures and Algorithms Blockchain Technology React for Beginners Core Java Basics Java Node.js for Beginners Advanced JavaScript Constructors in Java The constructors in Java are used to initialize the state of the object. Just like methods, constructors also contain a group of statements or instructions that are to be executed while an object is created.  Check out our Java Bootcamp Why do we need a constructor in Java? Let us consider a Box. If the box is assumed to be a class, it may have several variables such as width, length and height. When an object is to be created, the box class will have no defined values for its dimensions. At the time of creating new objects, the constructors assign values to the variables of the class. The assignment of values can either be done using default Java constructors or explicitly by the parameters passed by the programmer.  Check out our Advanced Certification in Blockchain Explore our Popular Software Engineering Courses Master of Science in Computer Science from LJMU & IIITB Caltech CTME Cybersecurity Certificate Program Full Stack Development Bootcamp PG Program in Blockchain Executive PG Program in Full Stack Development View All our Courses Below Software Engineering Courses When is a Constructor Invoked? A minimum of one constructor is invoked each time when an object is created using the new() keyword. This constructor provides initial values to the class’s data members. In general, a constructor is called when a new object or instance is created.  In-Demand Software Development Skills JavaScript Courses Core Java Courses Data Structures Courses Node.js Courses SQL Courses Full stack development Courses NFT Courses DevOps Courses Big Data Courses React.js Courses Cyber Security Courses Cloud Computing Courses Database Design Courses Python Courses Cryptocurrency Courses upGrad’s Exclusive Software and Tech Webinar for you – SAAS Business – What is So Different? document.createElement('video'); https://cdn.upgrad.com/blog/mausmi-ambastha.mp4   Constructor Overloading in Java The process of defining multiple constructors of the same class is referred to as Constructor overloading. However, each constructor should have a different signature or input parameters. In other words, constructor overloading in Java is a technique that enables a single class to have more than one constructor that varies by the list of arguments passed. Each overloaded constructor is used to perform different task in the class.  The Java compiler identifies the overloaded constructors on the basis of their parameter lists, parameter types and the number of input parameters. Hence, the constructors that are overloaded should have different signatures. A constructor’s signature contains its name and parameter types. An ambiguity issue arises when two of the class constructors have an identical signature. The compiler fails to differentiate between the two and hence returns an error notification. When constructors with different signatures are overloaded, the compiler determines the constructor to be invoked based on the number of input parameters of the objects.  Our learners also read: Free java course! Use of Constructor Overloading As construction overloading enables the creation of the object of a specific class in several ways, it is most commonly used in Java programs based on the requirement of the programmer. With the use of constructor overloading, objects can be initialized with different data types. Consider that an object with three class instance variables is taken as an example where a particular value is to be assigned to the second instance variable and the other variables are to be assigned default values. This can be accomplished by the declaration of multiple constructors according to the different signatures in the constituent class.  Read: Java Career Components & Architecture Explained Example Code for the Implementation of Constructor Overloading in Java Let us consider a program in which an Employee class has three constructors. Based on the values passed, each of the three is invoked to initialize an object.  Use of this Reference in Java All instance methods and constructors welcome an implicit parameter called ‘this’, which is used to refer to the current object. The current object is that object on which the method is invoked. We can use the ‘this’ reference to refer to the current object within any constructor or method. The ‘this’ reference can be used, like any other object references, to access instance methods, constructors and variables, within the method or constructor’s body. Few important scenarios where the ‘this’ reference is used are: When the names of the parameters are different from the instance variable names When a reference is to be passed to the current object and a parameter to another method When a constructor is to be invoked from another constructor.  The this() reference arguments must match the arguments of the target constructor in this case. The this() function must be the first statement within the constructor. In special cases such as complexity of initialization routine, this function can be used in the duplicate code elimination in multiple constructors.  Learn Software Development Courses online from the World’s top Universities. Earn Executive PG Programs, Advanced Certificate Programs or Masters Programs to fast-track your career. Benefits of Constructor Overloading in Java Constructor overloading in Java refers to defining multiple constructors for a class, each with a different set of parameters. This provides several advantages of constructor in java: – Flexibility Overload constructor in java allows you to create objects in different ways, providing flexibility to clients of your class. Different constructors can accept different combinations of parameters, making it easier for developers to instantiate objects based on their specific needs. Initialization With constructor overloading, you can provide different ways to initialize an object’s state. For instance, you might have constructors that initialize only a subset of the object’s fields or properties, allowing for partial initialization. Code Reusability By providing multiple constructors with different parameter lists, you can reuse code logic within your class. You can have one constructor that initializes default values and then has others that build upon it by adding more parameters and specific initialization steps. Convenience Constructor overloading enhances the convenience of using your class by allowing users to create objects with parameters that make sense to them without manually setting properties after object creation. Readability Well-named overloaded constructor in java make your code more readable and self-explanatory. Instead of creating an object and setting various properties, developers can create an object with the required values directly in the constructor call. Avoidance of Setter Methods In situations where you want to ensure that certain properties are set at object creation and remain immutable after that, constructor overloading is useful. This approach helps in creating more immutable and thread-safe objects. Type Safety Overloading constructor in java can help enforce type safety by providing constructors with specific parameter types. This reduces the chances of runtime errors related to incorrect parameter assignments. Compile-Time Errors Constructor overloading in Java can help catch errors at compile time rather than runtime. The compiler will generate an error if you try to create an object using a constructor with a parameter list that doesn’t match any defined constructor. Reduced Boilerplate Code When a class has multiple fields or properties, constructor overloading can save you from writing repetitive constructor initialization code by providing various constructors with different parameter combinations. Essential points to consider in Constructor Overloading in Java Certainly, here are some important points to keep in mind when dealing with constructor overloading in Java: Number and Type of Parameters Constructors can be overloaded based on the number and types of parameters they accept. This allows you to provide different ways to initialize objects. Default Constructor Java automatically provides a default constructor with no parameters if you don’t define any constructors in your class. However, once you define any constructor, the default constructor is no longer automatically provided. Chaining Constructors You can use this() keyword to call one constructor from another in the same class. This is useful for reusing code and avoiding redundancy in initialization logic. Order of Constructors A class should have different parameter lists if multiple constructors are defined in a class. The order of the constructors doesn’t matter as long as the parameter lists are unique. Java will choose the appropriate constructor based on the arguments provided during object creation. Constructor Invocation A constructor is always invoked when creating an object using the new keyword. The appropriate constructor is determined based on the arguments passed. Superclass Constructors When a subclass is created, the constructor of its superclass is also invoked. You can use the super() keyword to call a superclass constructor with specific arguments explicitly. Constructor Overloading vs. Method Overloading While constructor overloading involves defining multiple constructors in a class, method overloading involves defining multiple methods with the same name but different parameter lists. They serve different purposes but are both mechanisms for providing different interfaces to the same functionality. Initialization Block Apart from constructors, Java also supports instance initialization blocks (also called instance initializers), which are executed before constructors and are a way to provide common initialization logic for multiple constructors. Compile-Time Resolution The Java compiler chooses the appropriate constructor based on the arguments provided during object creation. If no matching constructor is found, a compilation error occurs. Read our Popular Articles related to Software Development Why Learn to Code? How Learn to Code? How to Install Specific Version of NPM Package? Types of Inheritance in C++ What Should You Know? Summary Constructor overloading in Java refers to the use of more than one constructor in an instance class. However, each overloaded constructor must have different signatures.  For the compilation to be successful, each constructor must contain a different list of arguments. The list of parameters includes sequence and the types of input arguments. Two constructors in a class with the same list of parameters is not feasible in Java. If you’re interested to learn more about full stack software development , check out upGrad & IIIT-B’s Executive PG Programme in Software Development – Specialisation in Full Stack Development which is designed for working professionals and offers 500+ hours of rigorous training, 9+ projects and assignments, IIIT-B Alumni status, practical hands-on capstone projects & job assistance with top firms.

Summary: In this article, you will learn about the 10 best digital marketing project ideas & topics for beginners. Customer Satisfaction for a Digital Marketing Agency Return on Investment for Various Digital Marketing Strategies Google Search Engine Marketing Case Study Analysis Analysis of New Product Launch Using Google Double Click Social Media Strategies for Online Shopping Cart Analytical Comparison of Traditional Marketing to Digital Marketing Facebook Analytics For Targeted Marketing Customer Preferences on Coupon Code-Based Promotional Activities Report on Tools to Analyze Digital Marketing Competitors Analysis of Visual Keyword Tools for Search Engine Marketing Read more to know each in detail. Digital Marketing Project Ideas Digital marketing is all about delivering advertising over an electronic medium such as search engines, websites, social media, email, and mobile apps. As you start working on digital marketing project ideas, you will not only be able to test your strengths and weaknesses, but you will also gain exposure that can be immensely helpful to boost your career. In this tutorial, you will find 10 best digital marketing project ideas for beginners to get hands-on experience in digital marketing. While study materials will give you all the knowledge you need to know about digital marketing, you can never really master digital marketing unless you invest your time in real-life practical experiments – projects on digital marketing. Feeling social media is fun? Know how to make a career out of social media? Learn more If you want to get into digital marketing, certifications can kickstart your career. Read more on how can digital marketing certifications can help your career.  Digital marketing is the most rewarding career opportunity today. There are several courses by reputed institutes, and most of them will require you to complete a project on digital marketing. Below are some ideas for the same.  The following article will contain some of the best digital marketing projects for students pdf, as well as some digital marketing topics for BBA pdf.  Top 10 Digital Marketing Project Ideas for Beginners This list of digital marketing project ideas for students is suited for beginners, and those just starting out with Digital Marketing in general. These digital marketing project ideas will get you going with all the practicalities you need to succeed in your career as a digital marketing professional. Further, if you’re looking for Digital Marketing Project Ideas to land on a good job, this list should get you going. So, without further ado, let’s jump straight into some digital marketing project ideas that will strengthen your base and allow you to climb up the ladder. 1) Customer Satisfaction for a Digital Marketing Agency One of the best ideas to start experimenting your hands on digital marketing projects for students is Customer Satisfaction for a Digital Marketing Agency. Online marketing agencies might use different digital marketing strategies to drive sales. Customers usually are more satisfied when they get instant gratification for their money spent. Digital marketing is so vast that some strategies work best in the long term, so best in the short term, some works best with specific industries, etc. Doing a customer satisfaction survey for a digital marketing agency helps you understand the most accepted strategies in digital marketing. Learn more: Digital Marketing Tutorial: A Step-by-Step Guide To Become an Expert 2) Return on Investment for Various Digital Marketing Strategies As part of this project idea, you can contact different companies and understand the budget they spend on digital marketing and analyse the return that they are expecting. Few metrics you can collect are Future Value, Net Present Value and Internal Rate of Return. Adding this as your digital marketing projects  can help your resume look much more interesting than others. 3) Google Search Engine Marketing Case Study Analysis Search engine marketing is the use of search engine optimization (SEO) technique to rank the client’s website first on google search for the target keyword. This drives organic search traffic into the client’s site, some of which will ultimately convert to a sale. You can run a campaign to analyze different SEO strategies and compare them with other digital marketing strategies.  4) Analysis of New Product Launch Using Google Double Click DoubleClick Digital Marketing (DDM) is an integrated advertising platform allowing businesses to create and manage digital marketing campaigns across multiple online media channels. Thus Google DoubleClick gives a holistic platform, especially for new product launches to create the initial hype across the entire internet. Best Digital Marketing Courses Online Advanced Certificate in Brand Communication Management - MICA Advanced Certificate in Digital Marketing and Communication - MICA Performance Marketing Bootcamp - Google Ads from upGrad To Explore all our courses, visit our page below. Digital Marketing Courses 5) Social Media Strategies for Online Shopping Cart So, why not use your skills to develop an impressive digital marketing project based on social media? Today’s advanced digital marketing strategies revolve around remarketing and retargeting. Remarketing is a way to connect with the users who previously interacted with your website. Consider a situation in which a user came to your website, added his favourite products to cart but didn’t checkout. Remarketing allows you to retarget him with the ads of products that he has in his cart. Targeted remarketing gives the user a very tempting second thought making the chances of conversion much higher. Google Ads Remarketing and Facebook pixel are the best known remarketing platform which you can use as case studies for your project. 6) Analytical Comparison of Traditional Marketing to Digital Marketing There are lots of differences between conventional marketing strategies and digital marketing and the returns that you make. Few items you can analyse are total marketing expense, ability to measure ROI, ability to receive feedback, conversion ratio, interaction with the audience. Digital Marketing Free courses to Learn Influencer marketing free course Introduction to advertising free course Influencer marketing right free course SEO basics free course SEM basics free course Email marketing free course Social media marketing introduction free course How to leverage user generated content free course Content marketing free course Fundamentals of marketing free course Brand marketing masterclass free course 7) Facebook Analytics For Targeted Marketing Facebook Analytics was rolled out in May 2018, and not many businesses have started using it yet. It helps advertisers understand the entire journey of a targeted user across all facebook channels like desktop, mobile app, messenger facebook lite etc. Analytics is a powerful addition to Facebook Ads Manager that helps to analyse Ad viewers at a complete granular level. 8) Customer Preferences on Coupon Code Based Promotional Activities Coupon code is a sophisticated digital marketing tool helping to drive sales, improve customer loyalty and build the brand. Coupons usage data has become vital information for various AI-based e-commerce algorithms to predict customer behaviour. Thus coupons offer a 360-degree marketing strategy. As part of the project, you can collect data from different companies on how and when they supply coupons, the ROI when it comes to discounted prices, how they use the coupons data etc.  9) Report on Tools to Analyze Digital Marketing Competitors The easiest way to design your marketing strategy is to analyze your competitors, emulate them and outperform them. There are different tools for different digital marketing platforms to analyze the respective competition. For example, SpyFu, SimilarWeb, SEMrush are for SEO competitor analysis and InfiniGraph, SroutSocial, Phlanx are for social media platforms.  In-demand Digital Marketing Skills Advertising Courses Influencer Marketing Courses SEO Courses Performance Marketing Courses SEM Courses Email Marketing Courses Content Marketing Courses Social Media Marketing Courses Marketing Analytics Courses Web Analytics Courses Display Advertising Courses Affiliate Marketing Courses 10) Analysis of Visual Keyword Tools for Search Engine Marketing Countless keyword analysis tools in the market are capable of connecting to search engine APIs, get all the data related to organic searches, perform analysis and present the best combination to users. There is a rising demand for keyword research tools that present the data in a way that’s pleasant to the viewer’s eye, i.e., giving importance to the visual representation of the data. For example, LSI (Latent Semantic Indexing) keywords can be shown linked to the original keyword forming tree-like branches. Some of the popular tools are Keyword Eye, Thesaurus, Google Wonder Wheel, Google Trends, Microsoft adCenter Labs Keyword Research etc. For the project, you can make an initial list of tools, sign up for all these tools and use them to analyse their presentation styles, User experiences, data accuracy etc.  Also read: Digital Marketing Interview Questions Digital Marketing Topics For BBA There are plenty of digital marketing topics for BBA pdf that are available online. The list below contains some of the trendiest digital marketing project topics for students pursuing BBA.  Social Media Campaign Analysis The first one to make it to the list of the top digital marketing project topics includes an analysis of social media campaigns. Campaigns are one of the most followed techniques by every brand owner. It can be either paid or organic. Depending on the results, brand owners then make their future decisions that ultimately determine the profit or loss of a business.  SEO Studies Of Websites The second trendy topic to make it to the list of digital marketing projects is SEO studies of websites. SEO is by far one of the most important elements for a business, to make a website more visible and boost traffic and lead. Therefore, conducting an in-depth SEO study on any website of your choice can actually add that extra value to your resume. You can also prepare SEO reports accordingly, based on the websites that you have analyzed.  SEM Case Study This is yet another interesting topic that can be added to the digital marketing topics list. SEM, also known as Search Engine Marketing is especially beneficial for driving traffic to websites and is a key metric for most businesses. However, before working on these kinds of topics, you need to have a detailed understanding of Google AdWords and only then can you work on the different SEM strategies for the paid advertising of brands on search engines.  Keyword Research Here is another interesting topic to make it to the digital marketing topics list. There has been a constant demand for tools that can generate business-relevant keywords. You can pick out any website of your choice and then work accordingly. It will not only enhance your basic knowledge of keywords, but also help you to understand the importance of the same in increasing the visibility of a brand or website, and also in increasing sales.  Blogging  Blogging can be a great way, especially if you are new to the SEO world. You can create your own blog domain on different platforms like WordPress and Medium. It will definitely be one of the best ways to ensure a hands-on experience in trying to market your blog organically so that when you later move to better clients, you will feel not only confident but also have extensive knowledge. You can perform a basic keyword search, and you will get to know what are the other keywords being searched with regard to the topic you have chosen.  If you are still not satisfied with this list, you can also refer to other digital marketing projects for students pdf or digital marketing project topics for BBA pdf, that are available online.  ROI Digital Marketing Strategies In this project, you must determine the ROI obtained through different digital marketing strategies. The ROI refers to the returns of investment for a particular project that you have worked on. This is not only an exciting project but also one of the most vital marketing project topics.  Here, you get to learn how to communicate with different firms and businesses. Besides, you also stand to learn more about the different digital marketing strategies they make use of. So, you find out the ROI that they make based on that.  Moreover, you require data on future value, rate of return, and net present value. This is why you have to learn about the proper digital marketing methods to get the ROI for your social media marketing project. PPC Marketing Strategy PPC is also known as pay-per-click marketing, which is a great advertisement ideas for students. It is a strategy where a company or business has to pay a certain amount for the ads to be clicked. This enables them to bid for advertisements for their website. These advertisements are displayed on the front search page of the search engine. As soon as a user types in the keywords, the resultant front page displays the PPC websites. You can either design your website or find out from a small business how they make income through PPC. Typically, large organizations or businesses don’t make use of this marketing method. Instead, it is mainly used by small to medium businesses. It is an interesting topic nonetheless.  Email Marketing with ROI As the name implies, a business has to communicate directly with its current set of clients and potential clients through email. Why send an email? Well, an email is a crucial part of any digital marketing strategy for any business or firm, specifically mba marketing project topics.  That is because it contains vital information about a product or service. Perhaps, the company is releasing a new product, or they are offering a discount on a popular product or service for a specific period of time. Emails form  a practical part of communication with clients. Millions of people use their email on a regular basis. So, the chances of them bypassing the email stand quite rare.  Email marketing can provide firms with a very high percentage of ROI (4000%), to be specific. That is a high figure to be ignored. To do that, you have first to make a list of your current clients and potential clients with a project report on digital marketing.  Usually, companies make use of an active campaign. The emails are then distributed and then tracked using the email service provider, making it easier for the firm to take note of things. We are sure this project will help you understand more about the nuances of digital marketing. Popular Digital Marketing Blogs Beginners Guide to YouTube Marketing : Complete List How to Monetize Your YouTube Channel? Top 5 Actionable Steps The Complete Guide on setting up a LinkedIn Company Page Everything You Need To Know About Digital Marketing A Complete Guide to Digital Marketing Strategy: What it is and How to create it? Digital Marketing Tutorial: A Step-by-Step Guide To Become an Expert Future of Digital Marketing: How It Goes From Here Importance of Digital Marketing: Top 10 Reasons Your Business Needs it Digital Marketing Challenges: How to Win Amidst the Challenges in Digital Marketing Final Thoughts and Conclusion Here is a comprehensive list of digital marketing project ideas. Some of these will require you to contact other businesses and collect data from them while some of these can be completed by yourself. You can also use these as a starting point to tailor them and develop your own project topics or ideas. Pick the best one that suits you and have fun exploring it. If you wish to excel in digital marketing, you must gather hands-on experience with such digital marketing projects. Only by working with digital marketing projects you can get to know practically how search engines work, how can we utilize the tools available in the market, how to make use of various strategies in everyday work. With the help of the project ideas we provided, build your very own digital marketing projects. Finding the right digital marketing certification is one of the important factors that can decide your placement and salary package. Check out MICA’s PG Certification in Digital Marketing and Communication Program and achieve MICA alumni status. 

Are you commerce with maths student wondering what career you should choose? Then you’ve come to the right place. This article will discuss the best career options in commerce with maths. Apart from the best career options, we’ll discuss the best courses in commerce with maths and other subjects for commerce with maths students. With this knowledge, making the right career decision will become much easier for you. Let’s begin: Learners receive an average Salary hike of 58% with the highest being up to 400%. Introduction Commerce with Maths provides up a world of possibilities for those looking for a dynamic career in business and finance. The combination of mathematics and business skills provides individuals with a distinct set of analytical and problem-solving talents that are highly regarded in the sector. In this post, we will look at the breadth and top courses in commerce with maths scope for 2023, providing students with insights into possible career options. Chartered Accountancy (CA): In India, this is a highly regarded course. This is a wonderful option if you’re adept with numbers and have strong analytical skills. Company Secretary (CS): This course will prepare you to work in the business legal department. The CS is in charge of overseeing all corporate strategy and law regulatory compliance. B.Com (Bachelor of Commerce):You can pursue occupations that are unique to commerce professionals if you have a B.Com degree. A B.Com degree will teach you the basics of commerce and its connected fields, and you can find lucrative employment in industries related to commerce such as banking, finance, management, and accounting, among others Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA)/Bachelor of Management Studies (BMS): The three-year BBA curriculum cultivates managerial abilities in areas like business strategy, organizational behavior, international finance, financial accounting, and capital management. With complex concepts, a math background is helpful. Bachelor of Economics: This course teaches students about economic principles and policies. Cost and Management Accountancy (CMA): The CMA programme is an excellent starting point for a career in finance and accounting. Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA): This internationally recognized course provides career possibilities in investment evaluation and managing portfolios. Bachelor of Laws (LLB): After completing 12th grade, students can enroll in a five-year integrated degree that comprises BBA LLB, B.Com LLB, and so on. Top Commerce Courses with Math The top 10 courses for commerce with maths scope after the 12th grade are as follows: BCom/BCom (Hons) BA/BSc Statistics Bachelors in Finance and Accounting (BAF Course) Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) Bachelor of Management Studies (BMS) BA/BSc Economics Bachelor of Business Studies (BBS) Chartered Accountancy BBA LLB CFA (Chartered Financial Analyst) Top Career Options in Commerce with Maths There are a ton of career options in commerce with maths. Let’s discuss some of the most prominent ones below. Here’s a detailed list of the best career options for commerce students.  1. Chartered Accountancy  One of the most popular career choices among commerce students is Chartered Accountancy. The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) holds the exam for its CA courses every year. You can join the CA Foundation Course right after the 12th. However, you should note that the Chartered Accountancy exam is among the toughest exams in India. A Chartered Accountant also earns a lucrative amount of money yearly. They earn nearly INR 8,04,427 per annum, according to PayScale. 2. Company Secretary It is among the most lucrative fields for commerce students. You can become a company secretary by studying corporate law. This course is administered by the Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI). Like CA, this course also involves various levels one must pass. According to PayScale, the average salary of a Company Secretary is around INR 6,01,478 per annum.  This is a great career option for commerce with maths scope after 12. 3. Certificate in Investment Banking (CIB) Investment banking is an excellent field for commerce with maths students. You can get a Certificate in Investment Banking by taking the six-month CIB course. The CIB exam is an international certification exam, and it tests your knowledge of investment banking and its related subjects. Investment banking is among the highest-paying fields in India. The average salary is around INR 9,66,410 per annum. Taking this course will allow you to enter the investment banking sector and start a lucrative career. 4. Data Scientist Data science is a superior career choice among maths students as it requires strong problem-solving skills. In the last few years, the demand for data science professionals has increased substantially. The average salary of data scientists in India is INR 8,73,310 per annum, according to PayScale. It is a lucrative and relatively new field. Learn more about career in data science. 5. Cost and Management Accountant (CMA) CMS is a professional course that will impart a student knowledge relating to areas of finance, planning, costing as well as management of accounting. This course is supervised by The Institute of Cost Accountants of India. Just like CS and CA, this course has been divided into multiple levels. One needs to clear all the levels in order to finish this course. This is one of the best commerce with maths courses after 12th. The average salary of a Certified Management Accountant in India is INR 7,86,000 per annum, according to PayScale. 6. Certified Financial Planner (CFP) Certified Financial Planner (CFP) is administered and regulated under India’s Financial Planning Standards Board. This course is suitable for students keen to learn about personal finance, insurance planning, mutual funds, and wealth management. According to PayScale in India, a CFP earns around rupees 4,15,700 per annum, which is decently high. This is one of the top career options that commerce with maths benefits. Students have little to no knowledge about the various courses of commerce with maths benefits. To enlighten them, here are the best commerce with maths scope after 12. Commerce with Maths Subjects Here is a list of the top subjects and specializations available to students with commerce with maths scope after 12th grade: Economics Business Administration Management Finance and Accounts Actuarial Science Statistics Chartered Accountancy Chartered Financial Analyst Investment Banking Accounting Corporate Laws Entrepreneurship Healthcare Human Resource Management Marketing  Project Management Best Courses for Students of Commerce with Maths Now that we have discussed the best career options in Commerce with Maths, let’s look at the best courses in Commerce with Maths: 1. Bachelor of Arts in Economics If you’re interested in economics and government policy regarding economic issues, then doing a degree in this subject would be perfect for you. A BA degree in Economics will help you understand various economic principles and concepts. You’ll study modelling approaches, theories in economics, and their applications. Apart from those concepts, this course makes you proficient in using computing techniques and quantitative methods and their implementations to solve economic problems.  This is one of the highest paying courses. The average salary of an economist in India is around INR 4,07,635, which is quite high. Therefore, one of the highest demanding commerce with maths courses after 12th. This is one of the highest paying courses. The average salary of an economist in India is around INR 4,07,635, which is quite high. Therefore, one of the highest demanding commerce with maths courses after 12th. Career Options After This Course Completing this course opens the doors for many career opportunities. After doing a BA in Economics, you can pursue higher education and do a MA in Economics. You can find jobs in many financial institutions and the financial sections of companies. To get high-paying jobs, you can supplement your economics degree with a data science course and become a data professional. Your economics background will help you substantially in learning data science. Other popular career options after BA in Economics include Economic Researcher, Data Analyst, Financial Planner, Market Analyst, Operations Manager, Executive Assistant, Business Development Manager, Human Resources Manager. 2. Bachelor of Arts in Statistics As a commerce with maths student, you can pursue a degree in statistics. Statistics is a popular choice among commerce with maths students because it requires strong problem-solving and analysis skills. A BA in Statistics degree lasts for three years and covers many essential subjects of statistics such as Data Analysis, Actuarial Science, Econometrics, Energy Statistics, Business Statistics, Applied Information Economics, etc. The Indian Statistical Institute holds an admission exam every year and is one of the country’s toughest admission exams.  A BA degree in Statistics has a high demand among recruiters. The average remuneration of this degree is around INR 8,36,000 per year. Career Options After This Course After doing a BA in Statistics degree, you’ll have plenty of career options. Typical careers for statistics graduates are Data Analyst, Econometrician, Statistics Trainer, Risk Analyst, Data Scientist. Etc. You can take a specialized course to get more high-paying roles. For example, you can become a skilled data scientist by taking a data science course. Your background in mathematics will help you in understanding the problematic concepts of data science with much ease. On the other hand, you can pursue higher studies and take the Master of Arts in Statistics (MA in Statistics) degree.  3. Bachelor of Commerce An excellent choice for students of commerce with maths is a B.Com (Bachelor of Commerce). A B.Com degree allows you to pursue careers specific for commerce professionals. You can get lucrative jobs in commerce-related sectors such as banking, finance, management, accounting, etc.; moreover, a B.Com degree teaches you the fundamentals of commerce and its related subjects.  You’ll learn about basic business concepts and principles, accounting, business management, marketing, finance, economics, and marketing. As a commerce with maths student, you can take up business statistics, information systems, calculus, and other maths-related subjects.  Also Read: Career Options For Commerce Students Career Options After This Course A B.Com degree is an excellent choice for students who want to pursue a finance and accounting career. After completing your degree, you can pursue roles in accounting, business system analysis, decision analysis, management, insurance, finance, economics, and related fields. You can pursue higher studies to get more specialized and higher-paying roles. Many B.Com students choose to pursue an M.Com (Master of Commerce) degree or an MBA (Master of Business Administration) degree. These degrees allow you to specialize in specific subjects and become a more skilled professional.  4. Bachelor of Commerce (Honors) Another excellent option for commerce with maths students is to pursue a Bachelor of Commerce (Honors) degree. A B.Com (Honors) degree allows you to specialize in a specific commerce subject so you can get specialized knowledge of your preferred subject. It is quite different from the simple B.Com course. That’s because a B.Com (Honors) degree lets you specialize in a particular subject while the simple B.Com course doesn’t. A simple B.Com degree gives you an overview of the general commerce-related topics. It doesn’t allow specializations, and that’s why B.Com (Honors) is quite a popular choice for commerce with maths students. Both of these programs last for three years. However, the cut off for B.Com (Honors) degree is generally higher than the cut off for the B.Com course. The curriculum of your B.Com (Honors) course depends on your chosen subjects. Learn more about highest paying jobs in commerce. Career Options After This Course As a commerce with maths student, you might prefer the B.Com (Honors) course to specialize in particular subjects. The demand for B.Com (Honors) professionals is higher than the demand for B.Com professionals. The career options for B.Com (Honors) graduates remain nearly the same as for B.Com graduates. However, specializing in specific subjects increases your chances of getting roles in those fields. For example, getting an accounting job will be easier for you if you specialized in accounting. Like we discussed before, you can supplement your degree with an M.Com (Master of Commerce) or an MBA (Master of Business Administration) to pursue more lucrative roles. Your career options with a B.Com (Honors) degree depend heavily on your specialization subjects.  5. Bachelor of Law Studying mathematics helps you develop robust analysis and problem-solving skills. You can use those skills to help you learn the law. One of the most popular career options in commerce with maths students is pursuing law. You can take a Bachelor of Law / Legum Baccalareus (LLB). LLB is a postgraduate degree and lasts for three years. If you’re a 12th pass out, you can take an integrated course such as B.Com + LLB right after 12th. Integrated courses such as B.Com + LLB allow you to get two degrees together. The combined course for law lasts for five years. A law degree will teach you all law-related subjects and their relevance in society. You’ll study Labour Law, Code of Criminal Procedure, Family Law, Interpretation of Statutes, Legal Aids, Law of Evidence, Professional Ethics, and other related subjects.  Career Options After This Course There are plenty of career options for law graduates. The most preferred career choice is becoming a lawyer. As a lawyer, you’ll represent clients in criminal and civil cases. Apart from representing, you’ll also be advising your clients on legal cases. Another common career choice for law graduates is becoming a legal advisor for an organization. Companies require legal advisors to help them solve specific problems and mitigate them. Apart from litigation, you can appear for the lower Judicial examinations right after your graduation. Clearing which you can be appointed as a Judge of any lower court. Judicial exams are also conducted at many levels. You have to clear every level to pass the Judicial examination. 6. Bachelor of Business Administration If you’re interested in pursuing leadership roles in companies, you can seek a Bachelor of Business Administration (BBA) degree. It would allow you to study management and its related subjects. It is one of the best courses in commerce with maths. A BBA course lasts for three years and helps you build a strong foundation for management skills. Some of the most important subjects of this course are financial accounting, capital management, business strategy, organizational behaviour, fundamental management skills, international finance, eCommerce, etc. Your background in mathematics will help you understand the advanced concepts of this course. BBA offers many specializations: BBA in International Business BBA in Hospitality BBA in Computer Application BBA in Business Administration BBA in Information Systems BBA in Entrepreneurship BBA in Human Resources BBA in Finance Career Options After This Course There are many career options for BBA graduates. Popular jobs for BBA graduates include Market Research Analyst, Marketing Executive, Management Trainee, Business Development Executive, etc. After completing your BBA degree, you can pursue higher studies and get more specialized roles. As a commerce with maths student, you can get an MBA in Finance to get lucrative positions in the finance sector. On the other hand, you can take a digital marketing course and become a marketing expert. It would allow you to pursue digital marketing careers. Final Thoughts As the world becomes more data-driven and networked, the demand for professionals with a foundation in business and mathematics grows. The aforementioned courses offer good job opportunities and cater to a variety of interests and strengths within the area. Whether students desire to be professional actuaries, data analysts, financial risk managers, or well-known chartered accountants, these courses provide them with the skills and information they need to succeed. Remember that making an informed selection about your future career needs research and a thorough awareness of your options. So, look into the numerous courses listed here, find your interests and strengths, and set off on a rewarding adventure in the field of Commerce with Maths. Choosing the right career can be quite daunting. It’s best to learn about different career options and make a decision according to your interests. You should always pick a job that matches your interests and values.  We hope you liked this article on the best career options in commerce with maths. If you have any questions or suggestions regarding this article or topic, please let us know through the comments. We’d love to hear from you and answer your queries. 

Are you wondering if there’s a career that matches your unique set of aspirations and interests? We are pretty sure there is one. This article will help you find the right job for you by discussing some of the most interesting career options. Let’s get started: Interesting Career Options in India Here are some of the most interesting and unique career options after graduation that may be perfect for you. 1. Fashion Designer Fashion designers create and design clothing outfits. If you have a knack for creativity and clothing, then this is the perfect field for you. Fashion designers are responsible for creating designs for clothing and accessories according to industry demand. They work with clothing companies and luxury brands and help them develop new designs.   2. Digital Marketer If you’re interested in online businesses and want to work with them, you should become a digital marketer. As a digital marketer, you’ll be responsible for helping clients establish a robust online presence. Digital marketers create content, manage social media platforms, run paid ad campaigns, analyze the campaigns’ results, and make sure their client’s online presence grows. They usually work with a team of specialists who assist them in promoting their clients online. You should be familiar with various digital marketing concepts such as SEO, SEM, Content Marketing, etc., to become a digital marketer. You can take a digital marketing course to get started.  3. Caterer If you’re interested in cooking and want to start a business, you can enter the catering industry. Caterers provide food for special functions such as weddings and parties. You will have to create recipes and promote your business. However, you’ll get to meet many new people and cook a lot of delicious food in this field.  4. Event Planner Event planners plan and organize events for their clients, such as corporate events, birthday parties, etc. They liaise with vendors, handle the budget, find and hire entertainers, and manage the overall event. As an event planner (also known as event manager), you can be your own boss and work as a freelancer. It’s undoubtedly one of the most fun career options.  5. Staff Photographer Staff photographers work with newspapers, blogs, or magazines. They click photos of people, places, objects, and events for their publication. What kind of photos you take depends on the type of publication you work with. For example, a staff photographer working with a blog about cars would focus on taking pictures of cars. They must also be familiar with photo-enhancing software solutions such as Adobe Photoshop.  Read: Highest Paying Jobs in India 6. Personal Trainer If you have a passion for fitness, then becoming a personal trainer would be perfect for you. Personal trainers create workout plans, diet plans and direct their clients during workouts. They aim to help their clients reach their fitness goals. Personal trainers might work independently or in gyms. You will need a physical training certification to pursue a lucrative role in this field.  7. Lawyer Lawyers are responsible for helping their clients with legal issues. They represent their clients in courts and present their case before the judge. If you have strong oratory and analytical skills, then becoming a lawyer would be perfect for you. Depending on the specialization, there are many kinds of lawyers, such as divorce lawyers, corporate lawyers, criminal lawyers, etc. You can work with a law firm, join a company, or start your own law firm after becoming a lawyer. To become a lawyer, you’ll need to get an LLB degree (Bachelor of Law).  8. Horticulturist Horticulture refers to the practice of garden management and cultivation. So a horticulturist manages and cultivates plants in a garden (or a similar setting). Horticulturists maintain and grow crops and plants. They oversee the transferring of plants, till the soil, prepare seedbeds, and perform many similar tasks. It’s an excellent career choice for those who love to work with plants. This is one of the unique career options after graduation.  Also Read: Best Job Oriented Short Term Courses 9. Wedding Planner A wedding is the most critical event in a person’s life. To ensure that the wedding goes amazingly well, people hire wedding planners. As a wedding planner, you’d organize the events, set up the ceremonies, meet with vendors, arrange spaces, and handle all the necessary tasks of the wedding. It’s an excellent field for those who have strong organization and communication skills.  10. Booking Agent Do you want to work in the entertainment sector along with actors and artists? If so, then becoming a booking agent might be the perfect career for you. Booking agents help artists and performers in getting new gigs and finding work. They are responsible for negotiating contracts on their clients’ behalf. Booking agents work with musicians, actors, and performers. You need strong interpersonal skills in this field.  11. Park Ranger One of the most fun career options for nature lovers is becoming a park ranger. A park ranger supervises and protects outdoor areas. They usually work in national parks and ensure that the visitors behave appropriately and don’t put the park’s flora and fauna in danger. National parks of our country have rich wildlife, and park rangers ensure that it remains safe. A park ranger provides guided tours to the park’s visitors too. If you like the environment, it can be the perfect career for you.  12. Zookeeper If you like animals, then perhaps an excellent career would be in zookeeping. Zookeepers take care of the animals present in a zoo. They feed and clean the animals, make sure they are healthy, and get them treated if required. Apart from those tasks, a zookeeper might also prepare food for the animal and make their environment more suitable. This is one of the most interesting and unique jobs there is.   13. Concierge It’s among the most interesting career options in the hospitality sector. A concierge helps customers of a hotel with their city’s (or town’s) information such as the best shopping places, tourist sites, attractions, etc. They are responsible for arranging services within the hotel for the client as well. Many concierges know multiple languages to help international clients.   14. Stylist Stylists help people in getting attractive and desired haircuts. They are adept at styling and cutting hair. Stylists work in hair salons and are familiar with various hair products along with their applications. Apart from hair styling, a stylist might also be an expert in waxing, facials, manicures, etc. It can be a very fun career if you want a creative one. This is one of the unique career options that you can consider if you are looking for an interesting and fresh career. 15. Tour Guide Tour Guides are responsible for helping tourists explore a specific location. They must have in-depth knowledge of their location’s history and facts as they are responsible for making the tourists familiar with the place. It’s undoubtedly among the most interesting career options as it offers a unique set of challenges and prospects.  16. Farmer India is an agricultural country making it one of the best countries to become a farmer in. You’ll need agricultural land and knowledge of farming and irrigation to pursue a career in this field. This field requires a lot of hard work, but it can be highly lucrative with the right amount of effort.  17. Florist Florists arrange artificial and real flowers for their clients. They water plans, take care of them, cut and clean flowers, and organize their storage. It would be best if you had a keen interest in plants and gardening for this career. The blend of creativity and gardening skills makes it one of the most fun career options. This is one of the most unique jobs you can consider.  18. Caretaker A caretaker is responsible for helping people with their daily activities. They help patients bathe, get appropriately dressed, eat, and move. Apart from these duties, caretakers also plan and prepare meals. It’s one of the best jobs for kind-hearted people or those who want a career helping others.  19. Cake Decorator If you love baking and have a knack for art, then you can become a cake decorator. Cake decorators are responsible for modifying the cake through unique artistic designs and additions. You should have excellent artistic and baking skills for this role. Cake decorators usually work with large bakeries or start their own bakeries to serve customers. It’s undoubtedly among the most interesting career options.  20. Actor Acting is an excellent career choice for students who want to pursue a career in the entertainment sector. Actors have to play a role in television, film, or stage shows. You should have strong acting skills such as memorization, expressing emotions, understanding drama, etc. This field requires a lot of hard work and patience, but it’s undoubtedly among the most lucrative ones out there. 21. Video Game Designer A video game designer handles creating and designing characters, art, animation, and levels of a video game. They are responsible for the visuals of the game. They work in teams with other professionals such as video game developers, writers, etc. That’s why they require good communication skills along with excellent artistic skills. Video game designers use art software (such as Adobe Illustrator and Photoshop) and programming languages.  More Unique Career Options With High Salary In India After Graduation Apart from the above-mentioned list, here are some of the unique career options that pay the highest salary jobs in India per month.  Ethical Hacker  Numerous businesses hire skilled hackers to evaluate their internal security and find vulnerabilities. Right now, even the government is hiring ethical hackers. Additionally, it offers good income and stability. Out of all the high-paying employment alternatives in India, if you have a technological background, you should surely give this one some thought.  Salary: Around 1.5 to 20 LPA Writer You ought to devote your complete attention to writing if you have the talent for it. There is no need to describe this occupation. If creating poems, short stories, blogs, and articles interests you, the digital world has already provided you with a wealth of opportunities.  Salary: Around 1.8 to 3 LPA as a fresher Sound Engineer Popular job titles in this industry include sound technicians, audio engineers, and music mixers. If you enjoy listening to music, start working on the sound’s technical components right away!  Salary: Around 1.8 to 6 LPA How To Choose the Best Career Opportunity After Graduation? Given that the average individual works for around one-third of their life, you must choose a career that will be a good fit for you. Choosing a job initially includes learning as much as you can about yourself, your goals, and the larger work world. The list below will provide you with all the advice on how to pick the best career option.  How to pick your best career option? The culmination of your professional path is your career. Many people start a job because it will enable them to reach their objectives, which may include learning more and learning skills, taking on bigger responsibilities, or earning more money. But it requires time to identify the profession that better suits your interests, and during your professional life, your career is likely to change. As your interests, goals, and requirements change, you can find yourself switching jobs or sectors among the various unique career options available to you.  Seven ideas have been gathered to help you start considering your greatest job possibilities. According to Trading Economics, the employment rate in India is constantly increasing. It increased from 40.90% in mid-2021 to 42.30% at the end of 2021. Another report by Economic Times states that the employment rate amongst the Indian youth during 2021-22 is 42.60%. While employment took a hit during the covid years, it is starting to scale again. With new opportunities opening in India as well as abroad, the youth is exposed to opportunities like never before; all they have to do is choose the correct path for themselves. These are the steps and questions that will help you organise your thoughts so you may choose the occupations that will work best for you and further your objectives.  Understand yourself – What you cherish and what you love doing might serve as useful indicators of how you would prefer to spend your working hours. We’re not talking about identifying and pursuing your passion because that strategy is frequently deceptive and unclear. It’s normal to want to feel inspired and even enthusiastic about what you do, though. Determine Your Qualities – To choose the right job among the best career opportunities, think about the traits a career requires of you. They may cover everything, such as location, advantages, earnings, and travel. Understand what motivates you – Once you’ve created a list about yourself, go on to why you want to work. Perhaps you’re looking for a profession that offers a greater starting income than those of similar jobs or one that allows you to work remotely. Knowing your priorities is crucial because most occupations won’t offer everything you’d like. Think about your future – What does the picture of your ideal existence look like? To understand what it could take to achieve your long-term objectives, both personally and professionally, make a list of them. For instance: Do you wish to rise above the management strata and enter the company’s C-suite? Do you desire home ownership? How frequently do you wish to be able to travel? Make a list of possible careers – After learning more about yourself and your needs in a job, start looking into positions that sound interesting or desirable to you. The list you create might also assist you in narrowing your job search strategy. Research which sectors are predicted to continue developing over the next ten years and which you might probably avoid due to other considerations, like, if you wish to work in the same business in ten years. Do some self-assessment – You may take various tests to determine your personality, your talents, and what kind of job could be suitable. However, examinations may be highly prescriptive, frequently forcing you into groups. Utilise them to keep learning more concerning you and your underlying reasons rather than depending on them to provide a conclusive response. If they provide insightful responses, include that information in the overall picture you’re building. Make A Self-Evaluation –It is advisable to reflect for a while before making any important judgments. The choice of a career is comparable. You should consider your ideal workplace, your desired industry, your ideal coworkers, and other aspects in this step. Get advice and update your resume – Once you have narrowed down your selections to one or possibly two career paths, you must decide whether any additional courses or credentials are still required. Research Your Options Well – Once you’ve looked at jobs that caught your attention, you might want to do some research on each one to come up with a short list of promising career opportunities. The goal is to identify one or two career paths that you are passionate about. Discover Job Openings and Submit Your Application – You can start looking for opportunities on Indeed using a desktop or a mobile device. To add filters, click the “Filter” button. After that, you can define your search area, experience level, and employment category (full-time, contract, part-time, etc.) Final Thoughts This list is undoubtedly exhaustive. However, it shows how many unique careers we have in the world. So the next time you wonder if there’s a career that matches your individual interests, be sure to look it up. Chances are, you’d find one.  We hope you found this article on fun career options helpful. If you have any questions or thoughts to share, please let us know through the comments below. We’d love to hear from you. 

Wondering how much is the salary of BCom graduates? Then you’ve come to the right place. Commerce is one of the most popular streams among Indian students. That’s primarily because it offers various career prospects with versatile options.  This article will discuss all there is to know about BCom salary for freshers according to different specializations. Moreover, this article will discuss the best paying careers for BCom graduates. Let’s get started. What is a B.Com Course? The University Grants Commission accepts the B. Com or Bachelor of Commerce curriculum, a three-year undergraduate degree programme (UGC). One may enroll in distance education or an online B.Com course in addition to the full-time delivery option. Among students in the commerce stream of Class 12, it is one of the most sought-after degrees. After b.com jobs and salary options are many, making it the third-most sought-after undergrad degree in India. Industries that have B.Com. jobs Here is a myriad of B.com jobs that provide excellent salaries per month, in both private and government sectors, which you can look out for: Industries that offer jobs after B.Com.: Accounting and Auditing Commercial Banking Media International Banking Insurance Service Tax Advisory Service Information Technology Telecommunication Services and BPOs Manufacturing Service Financial Service Educational Institute Government Service Automobiles Services Policy Planning Job titles for B.Com. graduates After b.com jobs and salary among these titles offer a reliable career opportunity for you:         Investment Banker         Marketing Manager         Chartered Accountant (CA)         Human Resource Manager         Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA)         Business Accountant and Taxation         Retail Manager         Certified Public Accountant (CPA)         Cost Accountant         Company Secretary         Entrepreneur         Actuary         Chief Executive Officer (CEO)         Research Analyst         Personal Financial Advisor   Learners receive an average Salary hike of 58% with the highest being up to 400%. Importance of B.Com Education in India Pursuing B.Com in India opens the door to a lot of opportunities as B.Com graduates can prove to be useful in various industries. This course equips the students with knowledge in accounting, finance, economics, and business management. Armed with this knowledge, the students can explore careers in finance, taxation, banking and other fields related to commerce. B.com graduates are also armed with analytical and problem-solving skills. They are arguably an important asset for any company. As we all know, since the Indian economy is currently in its booming phase, the B.Com graduates can prove their mettle in understanding and supporting the financial prospects of any business. Their versatility and deep knowledge of financial dynamics collaborate to the nation’s economic growth and development. Salary of BCom Graduates: Based on Specialization Streams You might be surprised to discover how different your pay can be according to your chosen specialization. In this section, we’ll look at the average salaries of different BCom specializations: BCom in Accounting and Finance The average BCom salary with a specialization in Accounting and FInance is INR 4.9 Lakh per year. Wages for such professionals start from INR 1.7 Lakh per year. However, with experience and expertise, the pay can go up to INR 20 Lakh per year. With this specialization, you can pursue accountancy roles in companies. Prominent employers for this role include Tata Consultancy Services (TCS), Accenture, etc.  (Source) BCom in Law BCom with a law degree is becoming increasingly popular among students. It allows you to combine the knowledge of two separate domains and pursue unique roles in organizations. With a BCom and Law degree, you can get an average salary of INR 4.39 Lakh per annum. That’s not all; beginners in this field get around INR 1.92 Lakh per year. On the other hand, senior-level professionals of this field with much experience and expertise are earning around INR 30 Lakh per annum. This means with necessary effort and persistence, and you can bag a high-paying role easily with this specialization.  (Source) BCom in Corporate Law Another novel and popular specialization among BCom students is corporate law. Corporate law is a branch of law that focuses on companies and laws & regulations pertaining to the same. The average BCom salary with corporate law specialization is INR 5.4 Lakh per annum. This degree enables you to pursue multiple roles in the legal and finance sectors, including Project manager, Finance Manager, Director Risk Management, etc. With enough experience and expertise, your salary can go up to INR 30 Lakh per annum in this sector.  (Source) BCom in Marketing Management Professionals with a BCom degree with a Marketing & Management specialization earn an average salary of INR 3.57 Lakh per annum. You can pursue many high-paying roles with this degree, such as Management Consultant, Business Development Manager, General Service Manager, and many others. Marketing is quite a crucial field for any business. That’s why the demand for professionals specializing in Marketing & Management is continually increasing.  You can find job opportunities in Marketing Companies, Financial Services, Advertising Agencies, and many other sectors with this specialization. The upper limit for professionals with a BCom degree in Marketing & Management is INR 20 Lakh per annum.  (Source) BCom in Economics Economics is a popular choice among BCom students as a specialization. As Economics covers many financial topics, it fits perfectly well with BCom’s curriculum. Salary of BCom graduates specializing in Economics earns an average salary of INR 6.3 Lakh per annum. For freshers, this number is around INR 1.8 lakh per year and can go up to INR 20 Lakh per annum for experienced professionals. Prominent employers for these professionals are IBM India, Ernst & Young (EY), Accenture, HCL Technologies, etc.  (Source) BCom in General Business If you want to learn the ropes of business and its management, then you’d benefit from specializing in General Business. Candidates with BCom in General Business degree earn an average salary of INR 5 Lakh per annum. Popular roles for this qualification are Associate Auditor, Marketing Consultant, Business Development Associate, Research Analyst, and Assistant Account Manager. This degree allows you to pursue various roles in business, management, and finance.  (Source) Must Read: Career Options after B.Com Advantages of Pursuing B.Com Degree Pursuing a B.Com degree in India offers numerous advantages to the students. This program is a popular choice among commerce graduates for the reasons listed below: This program arms the students with an in-depth knowledge of accounting, finance, economics, and business management. This paves way for varied career paths in diverse industries and sectors. B.Com graduates are equipped with analytical and problem-solving skills which makes them reliable assets for finance, banking, taxation and other commerce-related roles. This program offers opportunities to receive real-world experiences through internships which further increases the chances of employment. The expanding economy of India provides job opportunities in different industries and sectors which further ensures more opportunities for their career growth. B.Com program also serves as a foundational course for other professional courses like MBA, CA, and M.Com. These professional courses along with the foundational course of B.Com serve as a power package to score influential designations and higher pay packages in various multinational companies. Highest Paying Jobs for BCom Candidates You should know which jobs pay the best salaries so you can learn the required skills to pursue them. Knowing about these roles will help you make better-informed career choices. Let’s talk about the roles which offer the best BCom salary in India: Chartered Accountant Chartered Accountancy is one of the most popular career choices among BCom students. To become a Chartered Accountant in India, you must complete a series of exams followed by an internship. Once you complete B.com jobs salary per month will increase manifold. The organizer of this field’s exams is the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India or ICAI. The CA exam is one of the toughest exams to crack; however, the rewards are worth the effort in this case. The average salary of a Chartered Accountant in India is INR 7.87 Lakh per year. Freshers earn around INR 4.1 Lakh per year in this field. However, CAs with more than ten years of experience earn around INR 17.7 Lakh per year. More experience in this field enhances your pay substantially. Your location plays a huge role in determining your pay in this field. For example, CAs in Bangalore earn around 17% more than the national average.  (Source) Certified Public Accountant Certified Public Accountant (CPA in short) is quite similar to Chartered Accountancy. However, its organizer is the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA in short). That’s why CPA has a global demand. You must have a bachelor’s degree in Finance / Accounting / Business Administration with a total of 150 hours of education. AICPA holds a four-part exam that you must pass to become a CPA. CPAs help companies handle auditing, taxation, reporting, and related accounting processes. They provide their clients with understanding their financial health and offer advice to them about improving the same. CPAs have a huge demand as they can get highly lucrative roles in any company’s financial sector.  The average CPA (Certified Public Accountant) salary in India is INR 7 Lakh per year. Freshers with less than one year’s experience earn around INR 6.14 Lakh per year. On the other hand, a Certified Public Accountant with more than ten years of experience earns around INR 15 Lakh per year. Your location can affect your salary substantially as CPAs in Pune earn around 25% more than the industry average.  (Source) Also Read: Highest Paying Jobs in Commerce Field Actuary Actuaries help insurance companies in determining whether they should issue an insurance policy or not. They help insurance companies determine the suitable premium for a policy. Actuaries rely on heavy statistical analysis and utilize a lot of data to examine the trends and related costs. They help insurance companies maintain good financial health by striking a balance between risk exposure and issuing policies. You should be proficient in data science and statistical analysis to become a skilled actuary.  Apart from insurance companies, many financial service companies require actuaries to help them assess investment risks. It is one of the most lucrative sectors for BCom graduates. With a background in Economics, Mathematics, and Business Administration, you can easily enter this field and earn a handsome salary.  The average Actuary salary in India is INR 9.64 Lakh per year. Freshers earn around INR 3.55 Lakh per year, whereas seasoned and experienced professionals in this sector earn around INR 40 Lakh per year. Like all the careers we have discussed in this article, your pay as an actuary depends on several factors, such as your experience, location, expertise, and employer.  (Source) Cost Accountant Cost Accountants are among the highest-earning professionals in the commerce field. Their primary aims are analyzing profitability and preparing budgets for their client. They are financial experts who help companies create budgets, manage expenses, and evaluate their financial performance. Generally, manufacturing firms require the expertise of cost accountants the most.  Cost accountants figure out the real costs for manufacturing a product and its delivery to the end-user. They scrutinize all the related expenses and find which processes, products, and sections (of the business) generate the least profits. Cost accountants work in teams and build financial plans for their company. They report to the stakeholders and tax authorities. The average salary for a cost accountant in India is INR 5.66 Lakh per year. The starting salary in this field is INR 2 Lakh per year. On the other hand, as you’ll gain experience, you can earn up to INR 10 Lakh per year.  (Source) What other courses can you choose after B.Com.? Following your B.Com, you can choose from a variety of courses that will help you advance your knowledge and boost your B.com jobs salary per month. Once you complete B.com, you will find various excellent jobs after b.com and salary per month. The question, of course, is which is the most valuable one. The knowledge you get in your early years significantly increases your chances of landing better-paying jobs in the future because these courses after a B. Com are investments in your future. As a result, you must carefully analyze the courses that are offered after receiving a B.Com. You should take into account the following criteria while making a decision to find the best jobs after b.com and salary: Advantages and Disadvantages Preferences and Pursuits Eligibility criteria Financial assistance Courses you can do after B.Com:  An M.Com degree could be quite helpful for you if you want to work in the academic aspect of the business industry. The topics covered in your B.Com. are included in the course material. As a result, you will comprehend the material that was taught to you well. Let’s talk about getting an M.Com. if you’re considering it. With a good wage, you can explore a variety of employment opportunities after earning your M.Com. While satisfactory jobs after b.com and salary are available for candidates, M.com can offer an edge to your resume over other candidates. Master of Business Administration (MBA) The greatest option after b.com for getting a job and an excellent salary is to pursue an MBA if you want to work in the business sector. If you’re still debating what to do after earning your B.Com., enrolling in an MBA programme at a respected university will help you succeed. You must take the CAT or some alternative MBA test that the college of your choice accepts in order to be admitted to the best college. Bachelor of Education (B.Ed) A postgraduate teaching degree called a bachelor’s in education can pave the way for a successful academic career. You are eligible for this course if you graduated from an Indian institution with a GPA of between 50 and 55 percent. Other than MBA, this program is regarded as one of the best options after a B.Com. Company Secretary (CS) Students interested in the organization’s stock and investment management can enroll in CS courses. One of the most prominent and advanced degree programs is it. Most people choose it to complement or follow a B.Com. It takes a lot of dedication and effort to pass the exam because computer science is a complicated task to grasp. A corporate secretary acts as a crucial point of contact for the company and its stockholders. The corporate secretary oversees the company’s stock trading. Chartered Financial Analyst (CFA) The academic program for Certified Financial Analysts (CFA) is intended for anyone with an interest in investments and the financial system. You must pass the CFA exam if you want to work in this field. Students enrolled in the CFA program will research fundamental accounting principles, business procedures, economic principles, and environmental factors. Those who are contemplating choosing the best career path after earning a B.Com. can choose CFA for excellent jobs after b.com and salary per month. Challenges Faced by B.Com Graduates in India B.Com graduates face several challenges. There is no doubt that this course equips the students with necessary industry knowledge and hones them into deserving professionals. However, few graduates still face some challenges which are listed below: Competition: This is the primary challenge faced by B.Com graduates in India which results in limited job opportunities. Employer preference: Some employers give more importance to candidates possessing additional qualifications due to which the B.Com graduates do not stand out with a single undergraduate degree. Upskilling: Evolution of industry requirements demands the candidates to constantly upskill themselves. The candidates who don’t do so fail to stand out from several other candidates who have upskilled to remain competitive. Hands-on Experience: This program equips the students with theoretical knowledge. However, some students who do not have internship experiences do not possess the practical knowledge required to excel in this field. Salary: Positions for beginners do not offer a handsome salary and package which might demotivate some of the candidates. Final Thoughts You might’ve noticed that some of the roles we discussed in this article required additional qualifications apart from a BCom degree. It would be best if you kept the qualifications of a role in mind while making career choices.  For example, you can complete a data science course to pursue a career as an actuary. Similarly, you can pursue a corporate law career by completing a corporate law course after your BCom LLB degree. Such professional courses enhance your chances of bagging well-paying roles and boost your career.   We hope that you found this article on the salary of BCom graduates useful. If you have any questions or suggestions, please let us know through the comments below. We’d love to hear from you. 

A Java architect manages all the systems and applications that run Java applications. Doing that requires a thorough understanding of the Java programming languages along with all of its nuances.  Since Java is supposedly one of the most difficult programming languages to master, you might feel stuck while preparing for Java interviews due to its functions’ sheer verbosity and complexity. At upGrad, we understand your struggles and are here to help you through them.  Check out our free courses to get an edge over the competition. Explore our Popular Software Engineering Courses Master of Science in Computer Science from LJMU & IIITB Caltech CTME Cybersecurity Certificate Program Full Stack Development Bootcamp PG Program in Blockchain Executive PG Program in Full Stack Development View All our Courses Below Software Engineering Courses Key Topics for Java-related jobs There are some key topics that you must not skip past while preparing for any Java-related jobs or interviews in all its vastness. Some such issues include:  Java Programming Overview. Details about Java and the paradigm it operates on (OOPS). JDK, JRE, JIT, JVM – Java compilers. Variables and Operators in Java. Loops and methods.  Data structures – including Arrays, Lists, Heaps, Trees, etc.  Classes and Objects Important keywords – like ‘this,’ ‘super,’ and more.  Abstract Classes and Interfaces. Servlets in Java. Multithreading in Java. Advanced concepts in Java.  Check out upGrad’s Advanced Certification in DevOps It’s not possible to ask questions from all the topics in this blog. So, it is recommended that you most definitely explore the above-mentioned topics and get more insights on them. Java Architect Interview Questions & Answers Here we are list the top 17 Java interview Architect interview questions based on most of the themes mentioned above. Please remember that this is NOT a comprehensive list of questions – it is to give a flavor of what you can expect. You will have to do some more digging since Java demands time!  Check out upGrad’s Advanced Certification in Blockchain Explore Our Software Development Free Courses Fundamentals of Cloud Computing JavaScript Basics from the scratch Data Structures and Algorithms Blockchain Technology React for Beginners Core Java Basics Java Node.js for Beginners Advanced JavaScript Learn Software Development Courses online from the World’s top Universities. Earn Executive PG Programs, Advanced Certificate Programs or Masters Programs to fast-track your career. 1. What are access specifiers, and what kinds of access specifiers are available in Java? Access specifiers can be thought of as keywords used before defining or naming any class to establish the access scope of that class. Java supports the following access specifiers for classes, methods, and objects:   Public Protected Default Private 2. How do an inner class and a subclass differ in Java?  Inner classes are those that are nested inside another class. Therefore, inner classes have access rights for all the variables and methods of the outer type.  On the other hand, a subclass is a special type of class that inherits its features from another class known as a superclass. A subclass can access all protected and public methods and fields of the superclass.  3. What is the significance of data encapsulation?  Data encapsulation is one of the primary concepts of the OOP (Object Oriented Programming) paradigm and is used to combine different methods and properties into a single unit. Using encapsulation, programmers can follow a structured, modular approach for software development. Encapsulation is also useful for data hiding purposes.  4. What are singleton classes in Java?  Singleton classes are those that can have only a single instance. That is why all of the variables and methods will belong to just one instance. The concept of singleton classes is extremely useful for situations wherein the programmer needs to limit the number of objects available in a class.  upGrad’s Exclusive Software Development Webinar for you – SAAS Business – What is So Different? document.createElement('video'); https://cdn.upgrad.com/blog/mausmi-ambastha.mp4   5. How do double, and float variables differ in Java?  In Java, double takes 8 bytes in memory while float takes 4 bytes. Moreover, double is a double-precision floating-point number, while float is single precision.  6. What is the Final Keyword in Java?  In Java, if a programmer wishes to declare a constant, they use the Final keyword. Any element defined with a Final keyword cannot have its values changed at a later stage. When a method is final, it cannot be overridden by its subclasses. Also, the Final methods are faster than the remaining since they are resolved at compile time.  7. What are the ways to generate random numbers in Java? Java provides two ways for programmers to generate a random number:  Using Random class in the package java.util Using Math. random() would generate random numbers in the range from 0.1 to 1.0.  8. Is it possible for the main() method in Java to return any value?  No, Java’s main() method is always declared with a Void data type and can therefore not return any value.  9. How does an Abstract Class differ from an Interface in Java?  The key difference between Interface and Abstract Class is that the former only allows the declaration of public static methods. It does not hold any implementation of the said methods. Abstract Classes, on the other hand, can have any access specifiers with or without any implementation within classes. Another difference is that a class that implements an interface is required to implement all the methods of the interface. With Abstract Class, on the other hand, this is not a requirement.  In-Demand Software Development Skills JavaScript Courses Core Java Courses Data Structures Courses Node.js Courses SQL Courses Full stack development Courses NFT Courses DevOps Courses Big Data Courses React.js Courses Cyber Security Courses Cloud Computing Courses Database Design Courses Python Courses Cryptocurrency Courses 10. In Java, does importing packages automatically import sub-packages?  No. If we import packages, only the packages will be imported, and not the sub-packages. The programmer needs to import the sub-packages separately if required.  11. How do equals() and == differ in Java?  The equals() method is defined in Object Class for checking the equality of two objects. This method can be overridden if needed by the programmer. The equality operator (==), on the other hand, is a binary operator which returns only boolean values.  12. What is the difference between a local variable and an instance variable? A local variable is used within a constructor, a method, or a block – and it is local to that particular scope. Other methods or blocks in the class won’t be aware of a variable that is not local to their scope.  Instance variable, on the other hand, is bound to its object. These variables find their declaration within a class but outside the method. That way, all the methods or blocks of that class have access to the instance variable.  13. What are collections in Java?  Collection, in Java, is a framework that can be thought of as a skeleton or architecture for saving and manipulating different groups of objects. Collections allow programmers to perform various important tasks like sorting, searching, manipulation, insertion, deletion, etc. The collection framework in Java includes the following:  Interfaces Classes Methods 14. What are the different methods in Servlets for session management?  Sessions are communicational states between the server and the client. As a result, one session can consist of multiple responses and requests. Since the Web Server and HTTP are both stateless, a session is maintained only when session ID (or some unique identifier about the session) is passed between client and server in all the requests and responses. Some of the methods for server management include:  HTML hidden fields Cookies URL Rewriting User authentication Session management API 15. What are JDBC statements? JDBC statements can be understood as the statements that are required to communicate with the databases using SQL commands. JDBC provides various methods like executeUpdate(), execute(), and executeQuery() to interact with the database.  JDBC three offers the following three types of statements:  Statement: Think of this as the general purpose of executing SQL queries at runtime and accessing the database.  PreparedStatement: This is used when the programmer wishes to provide input parameters and the SQL queries during execution.  CallableStatement: This is used to access the stored procedures. CallableStatement accepts runtime parameters. 16. How is exception handling done in the Spring MVC Framework?  Spring MVC provides the following ways to set up exception handling in our program:  Controller-based: In this, we define exception handler methods. All we need to do is prefix these methods with @ExceptionHandler annotation.  Global exception handler: @ControllerAdvice annotation is used for this. Any class can be used to define the global exception handler.  HandlerExceptionResolver implementation: Spring MVC provides HandlerExceptionResolver to create global exception handlers. This method is because the Spring framework also offers some default classes that can be defined in our spring bean configuration file to get exception handling benefits. 17. What is the difference between the Java Virtual Machine (JVM) and the Java Development Kit (JDK)? The JVM and JDK are essential components of the Java platform. They serve different purposes. The JVM is a virtual machine that enables Java bytecode to be executed on any platform, providing platform independence. On the other hand, the JDK is a software development kit that includes the necessary tools and libraries to develop, compile, and debug Java applications. 18. Explain the concept of method overloading in Java. Method overloading is a feature in Java that allows multiple methods with the same name but different parameters to coexist within a class. It enables developers to perform similar operations on different data types or numbers of arguments. During compilation, Java determines which method to invoke based on the method’s name and the number and types of its parameters. 19. What is the role of the “throws” keyword in Java? The “throws” keyword is used in Java to declare that a method may throw a specific type of exception during its execution. It is in the method signature after the parameter list and before the method body. By using “throws,” the method indicates that it is not handling the exception internally and will propagate it to the calling code or the invoking method. 20. How is method overriding achieved in Java? Method overriding is an aspect of inheritance in Java. It occurs when a subclass provides a specific implementation for a method already defined in its superclass. To achieve method overriding, the method in the subclass must have the same name, return type, and parameters as the method in the superclass. By doing so, the subclass can override the behavior of the superclass method. 21. What are Lambda expressions in Java, and how do they simplify coding? Lambda expressions, introduced in Java 8, are anonymous functions that can implement functional interfaces. They enable developers to write concise and more readable code by reducing the verbosity associated with traditional anonymous inner classes. Lambda expressions can be handy when working with functional interfaces, such as those used in streams and functional programming. 22. What is the difference between the “==” operator and the “equals()” method when comparing objects in Java? In Java, the “==” operator compares primitive data types for equality, while the “equals()” method is used to compare objects for content equality. The “==” operator checks if two objects refer to the memory location, whereas the “equals()” method checks if the content or state of two objects is the same. It is essential to override the “equals()” method in custom classes for meaningful content comparison. Read our Popular Articles related to Software Development Why Learn to Code? How Learn to Code? How to Install Specific Version of NPM Package? Types of Inheritance in C++ What Should You Know? In Conclusion As mentioned earlier, the questions listed above are in no way sufficient to help you crack the interview. They are just the top few questions that are mostly asked across different Java Architect interviews. However, they will give you a good understanding of the kind of expertise the interviewers are looking for. So, without further ado, get started with your preparations and ace the next interview!  If you’re struggling to find your starting point, we humbly invite you to our Program in Software Development. Experience personalized training, 1:1 guidance, industry support, strong alumni backing, and a lot more – and skyrocket your career!

Wondering what is the range of Python developer salary in India? Before going deep into that, do you know why Python is so popular now? Python has been taking the world of programming by storm since the last decade, and with each passing year, it is only growing in popularity. Surprisingly, the language is 3-decades old and has even surpassed ‘traditional languages’ such as Java, C# and PHP.  According to the 2019’s StackOverflow’s Developer Survey, Python is the 2nd most loved programming language in the world. As a result of its versatile nature, it has become one of the most high-in-demand technologies around the world. As a result, a Python developer’s salary in India is significantly higher than those who are working with legacy web-development languages as mentioned above. Having data science certification from a recognized institute can improve your salary. We are sure, this must-have sparked a will to become a Python programmer within you! Let’s take a look at who exactly is a Python developer and what is a typical python programmer’s salary in India? Who is a Python Developer & What Do They Do? A Python developer is a software engineer or programmer who specializes in writing, maintaining, and optimizing applications using the Python programming language. Python is a popular high-level, general-purpose programming language known for its simplicity, readability, and versatility. It is widely used in various fields, such as web development, data science, artificial intelligence, machine learning, automation, scripting, and more. Python developers typically have a strong understanding of Python’s syntax, libraries, frameworks, and best practices. They are proficient in using various Python tools and technologies to build robust, scalable, and efficient applications. Depending on their area of expertise, they may focus on different aspects of Python development, such as backend development using web frameworks like Django or Flask, data manipulation and analysis with libraries like NumPy and Pandas, or developing machine learning models with tools like TensorFlow or PyTorch. In addition to their Python skills, a Python developer may also be familiar with related technologies like databases, front-end development, version control systems (e.g., Git), and cloud services. They collaborate with other team members, such as front-end developers, data scientists, and DevOps engineers, to deliver complete solutions or projects. Python Developers are usually in charge of designing, coding software applications with the help of Python language. Primary responsibilities of Python developers are writing code for backend, debug the errors and integrate. Python developers have been working on web development and data analysis for some time now but the relatively recent machine learning is effectively utilizing Python developers to make applications. Python developers salaries in India have increased dramatically after Data Science came into the picture. So, the demand for Python developers is growing with their salaries. Read: Python Developer Skills Python Developers Salary in India: Why it’s so high? According to Forbes article about AI Skills among the most in-demand for 2020, Python tops the list. Industry leaders like Google, NASA, YouTube, Amazon, Instagram, Facebook, IBM, Netflix uses Python and more and more companies are adopting Python which increases the demand and salary for Python developers. Creators, Problem Solvers, Innovators: The Various Sub-species of Python Developers  According to SlashData, There are 8.2 million developers who use Python in the world and 7.6 million developers who use Java. Python developers are growing in numbers every day. A High Paying Salary and a Bright Future in Python Here are some reasons why pursuing a career in Python can offer a high-paying salary and a bright future: High demand: Python is widely used in fields such as web development, data science, artificial intelligence, machine learning, automation, and more. As companies increasingly adopt digital solutions and data-driven strategies, the demand for Python developers has soared. Versatility: Python is known for its versatility, making it applicable to a wide range of projects and domains. Whether it’s building web applications, analyzing data, or developing cutting-edge AI systems, Python is an excellent choice. Data science and machine learning: Python has become the language of choice for data scientists and machine learning practitioners. Popular libraries like NumPy, Pandas, Scikit-learn, and TensorFlow enable efficient data analysis and modeling, which are essential skills in today’s data-driven world. Automation and scripting: Python is widely used for automating repetitive tasks and writing scripts. This is particularly valuable in IT operations, system administration, and software testing, leading to increased demand for Python automation experts. Startups and tech companies: Python’s ease of use and rapid development capabilities have made it a favorite among startups and tech companies. Joining such companies can lead to exciting and well-paying opportunities. Community and resources: Python has a large and active community of developers, which means there are plenty of resources, libraries, and frameworks available for learning and building projects. Remote work opportunities: Python development often allows for remote work, providing flexibility and opportunities to work with global clients and companies. Read: Why Python is widely popular among developers? Python developers come in various roles and forms. Given below are some of them- Explore our Popular Data Science Courses Executive Post Graduate Programme in Data Science from IIITB Professional Certificate Program in Data Science for Business Decision Making Master of Science in Data Science from University of Arizona Advanced Certificate Programme in Data Science from IIITB Professional Certificate Program in Data Science and Business Analytics from University of Maryland Data Science Courses Python Developers Job Roles Data Scientists Data science is basically statistics implemented through programming. Alongside R, Python has also shown its mettle in sorting out data as per generic as well as specific requirements. As far as India is concerned, Python programmers for data science earn more than both software developers as well as DevOps programmers. The reason for this is that data collection, data cleaning and processing is becoming very common nowadays as companies need data to gather market and customer information.  This requires a niche of Python programmers who are specially trained in the collection and processing of data through libraries like NumPy and Pandas. Data scientists are in high demand in major metros like Delhi-NCR and Mumbai and emerging cities such as Pune and Bangalore.  Responsibilities of Data Scientists Gathering vast amounts of structured and unstructured data and converting them into actionable insights. Identifying the data-analytics solutions that hold the most significant potential to drive the growth of organisations. Using analytical techniques like text analytics, machine learning, and deep learning to analyse data, thereby unravelling hidden patterns and trends. Encouraging data-driven approach to solving complex business problems. Cleansing and validating data to optimise data accuracy and efficacy. Communicating all the productive observations and findings to the company stakeholders via data visualisation. Must read: Data structures and algorithms free course! Data Scientists Salary Range in India The average data scientists salary is ₹698,413. An entry-level data scientist can earn around ₹500,000 per annum with less than one year of experience. Early level data scientists with 1 to 4 years experience get around ₹610,811 per annum. Our learners also read: Free excel courses! A mid-level data scientist with 5 to 9 years experience earns ₹1,004,082 per annum in India. As your experience and skills grow, your earnings rise dramatically as senior-level data scientists around more than ₹1,700,000 a year in India! Source: payscale.com Here you go, learn python online free! Artificial Intelligence/Machine Learning Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning are mere umbrella terms for a number of applications that are applied across disciplines and technologies. They also involve  robotics, data analytics, web development, developing chatbots, intelligent application development and much more.  Since late 2017, AI and ML have taken the nation by storm. Frameworks such as OpenCV, PyTorch, and TensorFlow have become buzzwords for today’s AI/ML enthusiasts.  Responsibilities of a Machine Learning Engineer To study and convert data science prototypes. To design and develop Machine Learning systems and schemes. To perform statistical analysis and fine-tune models using test results. To find available datasets online for training purposes. To train and re-train ML systems and models as and when necessary. To extend and enrich existing ML frameworks and libraries. To develop Machine Learning apps according to customer/client requirements. To research, experiment with, and implement suitable ML algorithms and tools. To analyze the problem-solving capabilities and use-cases of ML algorithms and rank them by their success probability. Salary of a Machine Learning Engineer in India The average annual salary of a machine learning engineer is ₹671,548.  Machine learning engineer with less than 1 year experience earns around ₹500,000 per annum which is clearly one of the highest entry-level salaries in India. Early level machine learning engineers charge ₹672,106 per annum, obviously, depending on their skillset, location and demand. The average salary of a mid-level engineer is ₹1,173,074 per annum. If they think that’s great, you will find the salary of senior-level engineers (more than 10 years experience) inspiring as they earn more than 2 million rupees per annum.   Source: payscale.com Web Developers Web development is never going out of demand. Web development requires robust and flexible languages, and Python fits the bill. Frameworks like Django and Flask have helped create amazing web applications that have stood the test of time and user load.  As a result, the demand for Django and Flask developers is rapidly growing and the development market is seeing a large migration from the PHP/.NET region towards Python. The high package of a Django web developer is an example of a typical Python developer’s salary. According to estimates by Glassdoor.in, the average salary of a Python programmer in India in website development is around ₹ 43,504 per month. This differs from region to region. Python Web Developer Salary in India Average web developer annual salary in India is ₹309,161, for experience between 1 to 4 years. For an Entry-level web developer, with the experience range lesser than 1 year, the average salary is ₹225,076 per year. These numbers vary widely with a change in location, for instance, a Python developer fresher salary in Ahmedabad can be a bit lesser than the one offered in Bangalore which holds a higher job opportunities. For senior-level web developers, the average annual salary (10 to 19 years experience), goes up to ₹1,000,000 per annum. Source: payscale.com 3 Key Reasons You Should Learn Python 1. Efficiency There is so much that you can get done with Python, and that too within a simple snippet of code. Instead of creating complicated loops, you can use regular expressions. There are just so many resources that make any Python application easy to write and understand, which is in stark contrast to what you get with other programming languages. This includes all fields like data visualization, machine learning, and web development. 2. Python is easy to learn Perhaps, simplicity is one of the most common reasons why Python is becoming one of the most preferred languages in India. Concepts such as loops, conditions, functions, and other such technical parts are easier to learn as compared to learning them in C++, the most basic of all Object-oriented Programming Languages. 3. Python is also used in academia Python is now being taught in the computer science curriculum in schools and colleges. As a result, learning the language becomes easier right from the beginning. The existence of Python as a development language has gradually gained traction and, thus, entered various industries. Also, Python is being used in universities for research and development in disciplines such as Robotics and Artificial Intelligence Systems. 4. Python is highly flexible and extensible 5. Python has a library to cater to your every need. 6. Python makes web development a breeze 7. There’s plenty for Data Visualization 8. Python comes with numerous testing frameworks 9. Python is great for scripting and backed by an active community. Watch our Webinar on How to Build Digital & Data Mindset document.createElement('video'); https://cdn.upgrad.com/blog/webinar-on-building-digital-and-data-mindset.mp4   A High Paying Salary and a Bright Future in Python: Some Key Stats The career opportunities in Python, as well as the salary structure in Python, go hand in hand. Naturally, the scope for Python is very high. The salaries for a Python developer are high, not just in India, but also in countries like the UK and the US since Python is the fastest-growing programming language in these countries. The average salary of a Python developer in India with 2 to 4 years of experience is around ₹5 lakh, whereas that of a Ruby developer (comparing to Ruby since it is touted as potential competition to Python) is ₹4.48 lakh. On the other hand, a Python programmer’s salary in Germany, around 48,458 Euros. Coming to Canada, the same will fetch you around Ca $99,581, which is actually triple to that of the median wage in Canada.  Going by the above stats, we can say that the career of a Python developer with decent experience is stable and fetches an attractive income.  Factors Affecting Python Developer Salary in India Python Developer salary in India can be affected by multiple factors. Let’s see some primary salary affecting factors: Experience Location Job Role Skillset Python Developer Salary Based on Experience Let’s see how Python developer salary in India varies based on experience. Entry-Level Python Developer Salary The average salary of entry-level Python developer salary in India is ₹427,293. Mid-Level Python Developer Salary The average salary of a mid-level Python developer salary in India is ₹909,818. Experienced Python Developer Salary The average salary of an experienced Python developer salary in India is ₹1,150,000. Let’s see how the salary increases with experience:   Source Python Developer Salary Based on Location Gurgoan is becoming the dream city for Python developers with the highest – ₹700,717. Bangalore – The Silicon Valley of India pays ₹669,787 to Python developers. Hyderabad pays the least with  ₹475,000 and Pune & Chennai pays  ₹540K to Python developers. While Python developer fresher salary in Ahmedabad can range from anywhere between ₹1-7 lakhs per annum further depending on skills.  Location Average Salary Bangalore ₹669,787 Chennai ₹540,131 Mumbai ₹579,728 Delhi ₹600,000 Hyderabad ₹475,000 Pune ₹540,131 Gurgoan ₹700,717 Source: payscale.com Python developers from Gurgoan & Bangalore earn 26% & 21% more than the rest of India respectively.  Chennai, Pune and Hyderabad are among the lowest-paying cities for the Python developers in India. Python Developer Salary Based on Job Role There are multiple roles Python developers play in Information Technology like Data Scientist, Machine Learning Engineer, DevOps Engineer, Web Developer, etc. Let’s have a look at their average annual salary in India based on their roles. Source Software Engineer average annual salary:  ₹502,609 Web Developer average annual salary: ₹307,800 Data Scientist average annual salary: ₹708,012 DevOps Engineer average annual salary: ₹658,143 Machine Learning Engineer average annual salary: ₹671,548 Python Developer Salary Based on Skillset When Python developers have knowledge of other skills, it increases their salary accordingly. CV Compiler has conducted research about the skillset which are in-demand. Python full stack developer salary increases and decreases according to these skill sets.  Source: CV Compiler So, when Python developers increase their skills in the above-mentioned languages, their demand and salary will rise exponentially. Also, how strong you are with the Python tools plays a vital role in your selection process. Python Developer Salary on Other Countries US: Python developers average annual salary is $117,000. Source UK: Python developers average annual salary is £67,000. Source Future Scope of Python in India Python language has become increasingly popular in the last few years. It has enabled the developers to create unique applications that are interactive in nature and gather the interest of the customers. This has also affected the python full stack developer salary. Big data, machine learning, and computer science are rapidly gaining traction in India, one of the world’s fastest-growing economies. Since Python is adaptable, it is popular in India. Its simplicity has also made it popular in the analytics industry. The use of Python in various industries, such as healthcare and retail, offers a variety of career opportunities for python programmers. With the advancement of AI and machine learning in India, Python’s acceptance will grow more widely. This will also help developers gain a good amount of experience, and the full stack python developer salary will be according to their experience.  Programming languages such as Python are widely used to create systems and applications. The Python programming language simplifies the tasks of major companies and search engine giants. In order to address their challenging programming problems, Google, Facebook, Quora, and Yahoo. use Python programming. Due to this, it is important that you develop your ideas in Python as soon as possible.  Skills required to become a successful Python programmer Expertise in Python is not easy to attain. This also affects a full stack Python developer salary. Although it requires advanced ideas and skills, it is a process that takes time. Here are the skillsets that you will require to become a successful python programmer –  Core Python Proficiency  You need a solid foundation in core python programming to be able to gain from its benefits. You need to comprehend all kinds of data structures so that you can handle all situations at all times. This will help you get better jobs and better Python jobs salary. Understanding the Python Framework One of the main advantages is that Python has the largest number of libraries accessible. However, to work in the industry as a Python developer, you need to be an expert in them. You should also be familiar with Python frameworks to get a better Python jobs salary. How to prepare for Python interviews to land the best jobs Python coders are in great demand, thus, if you want to get an interview with a top tech company, you must shine in Python coding interviews. Jobs for Python developers have increased over the past several years as a result of its adoption by some of the biggest organizations in the world, such as Netflix and PayPal, in a variety of coding contexts, from games to online apps. To test the limits of cutting-edge technologies like data science, data analysis, AI, natural language processing, and machine learning, they recruit Python engineers. The Python coding interview questions listed here can assist you in planning if you’re preparing for a technical Python interview. Discover the qualities that employers want in Python developers, as well as the top advice for beating the competition. This information might be useful if you are getting ready for a technical interview for a software engineer, tech lead, engineering manager role, or software developer. You must be knowledgeable about the major web frameworks, multi-process architecture, and object-relational mappers, to establish yourself as an excellent candidate. You may have an advantage over all other applicants if you have expertise in other programming languages such as Java, experience with network management, scripting, creating data storage solutions, and other talents that recruiters feel are useful to the organisation.  Salaries of Other Software Related Roles Compared to Python Let’s look at the average salaries of other software related roles compared to Python developer salary in India. Ruby on Rails Developer average annual salary in India:  ₹471,015 Java Developer average annual salary in India: ₹507,714 Perl Developer average annual salary in India: ₹683,140 C++ Developer average annual salary in India: ₹452,227 Front end Developer average annual salary in India: ₹490,385 .Net Developer average annual salary in India: ₹413,145 PHP developer average annual salary in India: ₹287,651 Python Developer average annual salary in India: ₹555,776 Source: payscale.com Read our popular Data Science Articles Data Science Career Path: A Comprehensive Career Guide Data Science Career Growth: The Future of Work is here Why is Data Science Important? 8 Ways Data Science Brings Value to the Business Relevance of Data Science for Managers The Ultimate Data Science Cheat Sheet Every Data Scientists Should Have Top 6 Reasons Why You Should Become a Data Scientist A Day in the Life of Data Scientist: What do they do? Myth Busted: Data Science doesn’t need Coding Business Intelligence vs Data Science: What are the differences? To Summarize the Whole Discussion No wonder that Python is growing by leaps and bounds, and that it is finding a great utility in all sorts of applications and fields. This utility, in turn, is further fueling the need for Python. If you are one of those programmers/developers who think they are stuck in a dead-end programming job, this is your opportunity to make it big by learning Python. So, be it web development with Django/Flask or data science with Pandas and NumPy, Python is going to fetch you significantly higher pay. We hope you liked our article on Python developer salary in India. These numbers above are not set in stone. The real influencer of your salary is the skills you have,  the mastery you have attained over them, and how quickly you grow and make the company grow as well. If you are reading this article, most likely you have ambitions towards becoming a Python developer. If you’re interested to learn python & want to get your hands dirty on various tools and libraries, check out IIIT-B & upGrad’s Executive PG Programme in Data Science.