Binomial Distribution in Python with Real World Examples [2023]

The value of probability and statistics in the field of data science has been immense, with artificial intelligence and machine learning relying heavily on them. We are using process models of normal distribution every time we conduct A/B testing and investment modeling.

However, the binomial distribution in Python gets applied in multiple ways to carry out several processes. But, before getting started with binomial distribution in Python, you need to know about binomial distribution in general and its use in everyday life. If you are a beginner and interested to learn more about data science, check out our data science training from top universities.

What is the Binomial Distribution?

Have you ever flipped a coin? If you have, then you must know about the probability of getting heads or tails is equal. But, how about the likelihood of getting seven tails in total ten flips of a coin? This is where binomial distribution can help in calculating each flip’s results, and thus finding out the probability of getting seven tails for ten flips of a coin. 

The crux of probability distribution comes from the variance of any event. For each ten coin tosses set, the probability of getting heads and tails can be anywhere between one to ten times, equally and likely. The uncertainty in the result (also known as variance) helps in generating the distribution of the outcomes produced.  

In other words, the binomial distribution is a process where there are only two possible outcomes: true or false. Therefore, it has an equal probability of both the results across all events, as the same actions are performed each time. There is only one condition… The steps need to be completely unaffected of each other, and the results may or may not be equally likely. 

Therefore, the probability function of a binomial distribution is: 

ff(kk,nn,pp) =P rPr(kk;nn,pp) = P rPr (XX=kk)  =

Source

Where,

=nn!kk!(nn!-kk!)

Here, n = total number of trials

         p = success probability

         k = target number of successes

Binomial Distribution in Python

For binomial distribution via Python, you can produce the distinct random variable from the binom.rvs () function, where ‘n’ is defined as the total frequency of trials, and ‘p’ is equal to success probability. 

You can also move the distribution using the loc function, and the size defines the frequency of an action that gets repeated in the series. Adding a random_state can help in maintaining reproducibility.  

Source

Real-world Examples of Binomial Distribution in Python

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There are many more events (bigger than coin tosses) that can get addressed by binomial distribution in Python. Some of the use cases can help track and improve ROI (return on investments) for big and small companies. Here’s how:

• Think about a call center where each employee gets assigned with 50 calls each day on an average.
• The probability of conversion over each call is equal to 4%.
• The average revenue generation for the company based on each such conversion is that of USD 20.
• If you analyze 100 such employees, who get paid USD 200 each day, then 

n = 50

p = 4%

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The code can generate output as following: 

• Average conversion rate for each employee = 2.13
• The standard deviation of conversions for each call center personnel = 1.48
• Gross conversion = 213
• Gross revenue generation = USD 21,300
• Gross expense = USD 20,000
• Gross profits = USD 1,300

Binomial distribution models and other probability distributions can only predict an approximation that can get close to the real-world in terms of the action parameters, ‘n’ and ‘p’. It helps us to understand and identify our focus areas and improve the overall chances of better performance and effectiveness.

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Also Read: 13 Interesting Data Structure Project Ideas and Topics For Beginners

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