HTML Vs XML: Difference Between HTML and XML [2023]

HTML’s full form is Hypertext Markup Language, while XML is an Extensible Markup Language. The purpose of HTML is to display data and focus on how the data looks. Therefore, HTML describes a web page’s structure and displays information, whereas XML structures, stores, and transfers information and describes what the data is. 

In this article, HTML and XML shall be discussed in detail to understand the differences between them.

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What is HTML?

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is a programming language that displays data and describes a web page’s structure. Hypertext facilitates browsing the web by referring to the hyperlinks an HTML page contains. The hyperlink enables one to go to any place on the internet by clicking it. There is no set order to do so.

Markup language points out to the way tags are used in defining the page layout and the elements within the page. It consists of various HTML elements comprising tags and their content. HTML language enables the creation of links of documents, is static, and can ignore small errors. In HTML, closing tags are not necessary. It can be defined as a markup language that makes the text more dynamic and interactive.

HTML is a computer language used to create websites that can be viewed by anyone with internet access. The tags are the words between the <angle brackets> and separate standard text from HTML code. These are displayed on webpages in the form of images, tables, diagrams, and so on.

In order to understand ‘What is a difference between the XML and HTML data formats?’ understand each category first-

Every page stands connected to others via hyperlinks. Everything you see on the world wide web is developed with HTML. This allows for the embedding of texts as well as images on pages. HTML5 is the most current version of the same.A number of web development-related projects stand based on HTML. The latter renders a structure and the basic design for the same. HTML comprises both tags as well as attributes. Tags are represented in writing within angle brackets or <>, and all attributes are written within quotes.

For instance,

<p text-align=’center’></p>

In the above example, p stands for paragraph tag, while the attribute for text-align helps to align the text based on the requirement. The given tag with the slash symbol denotes the end of an element.

HTML is always case insensitive. When codes stand written syntactically, there will be no errors. The machine understands the same very quickly too. All files that are written get stored with ‘.html’ extension. These are accessible via every text editor.

These are a few basic facts about HTML that help you gauge the overall structure and functionality of the language. It is used extensively across all pages you see on the web.  This will also help you better understand the difference between XML and HTML w3schools.

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The tags are not displayed on the webpages but affect the appearance of data on webpages. Different types of tags perform different functions. The most straightforward tags will apply the formatting to some text, such as the example given below:

To make <b> bold, text</b> the text on the web page will be displayed in bold. Similarly, to make <i> italic, text</i> will be displayed in italic.   

In this example, tags are wrapped around some text, which results in the contained text being displayed in bold and italics formats when viewed in a web browser. Similarly, different kinds of tags perform different functions, which can be seen when the web page is displayed. Learning different tags enables the creation of HTML pages.

Read: 10 Interesting HTML Project Ideas & Topics For Beginners

What is XML?

Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a programming language created by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). XML facilitates encoding documents, defined by a set of rules, in a format that can be read by both humans and machines. By using tags, XML defines the document structure, how it should be stored and transported. It enables the creation of web applications and web pages and is a dynamic language that transports data. It’s often used as the basis for many other document formats, some of which are as follows.

• ATOM and RSS describe how reader apps handle web feeds.
• Microsoft.NET uses XML for its configuration files.
• XML is the basis for document structure in Microsoft Office 2007 and later versions. This is what X stands for in .DOCX word document format and is also used in PowerPoint (.PPTX files) and (.XLSX) Excel files.

XML is in a textual data format and focuses on generality, simplicity, and usability across the internet. It is used for representing arbitrary data structures in web services.

Difference Between Xml And Html W3schools

Now, when you move over to compare HTML and XML (XML full form Extensible Markup Language) , remember that the latter has to do with data storage and not page display. XML or XML full form Extensible Markup Language is popularly used to transfer data. As this can be categorized as a markup language, it can be easily read by machines and humans. It is also hardware-independent. It allows the use of elements to develop a customized language for markups.

 XML allows users creation of tags on their own. Such tags are also self-descriptive. This is a solid answer to the most prominently asked question, What is a difference between the XML and HTML data formats? The most current version is XML 1.1 Just like HTML, the XML tags get written in angular brackets.

For instance,

<Data>

<Name>James Bond</Name>

<email>jamesbond123@gmail.com</email>

<Contact>+63527143278</Contact>

</Data>

XML is also used as a way to wrap up info around tags. In the example above, you will see that all personal details of James Bond stand wrapped under the Data tag. Other details are further inside in a wrapped format. This allows the transfer of data over to another medium from one medium.  XML, unlike HTML, is case-sensitive. Text editors can access, write, and modify codes, which are saved with a ‘.xml’ extension. Naturally, XML eases storing of all data since storage occurs in plain text form.

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HTML Advantages

• HTML helps build a website’s structure and various other advantages, such as Easy to learn and use.
• Supported by all browsers.
• Being plain text, it is simple to edit.
• Easy to integrate with other languages.
• Lightweight
• HTML is the basis of all programming languages.
• The text being compressible, it is fast to download.

Read: HTML Project Ideas

HTML Disadvantages

• Can create only plain and static pages.
• A lot of code is required to be written to make a simple webpage.
• HTML security features aren’t very good.
• Complex to write long code for making webpages.
• Takes a lot of time to create a webpage.
• All web pages need to be edited separately; not centralized

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XML Advantages

• XML is extendable.
• Can be read and understood by all.
• Completely portable and also compatible with JAVA.
• XML is a platform-independent programming language; hence can be used by any system.
• XML supports Unicode
• Using XML, data can be stored and transported at any point in time without affecting data presentation.
• XML document is free of any syntax error.
• Data sharing between various systems is simplified using XML.  

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XML Disadvantages

• Compared to other text-based formats, XML is redundant and verbose.
• When data volume is large, it results in high storage and transportation cost due to redundancy in XML syntax.
• Compared to other text-based formats, XML is less readable.
• Due to its lengthy nature, the XML file size is very large.
• XML does not support an array.

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HTML vs XML: Key Differences

In a nutshell, the following table summarises some vital differences between HTML and XML.

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Conclusion

HTML and XML are related to each other, where HTML displays data and describes the structure of a webpage, whereas XML stores and transfers data. HTML is a simple predefined language, while XML is a standard language that defines other languages. 

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