What are CEFR levels in IELTS? Essentials to know in 2025

As an international student, if you are planning to study, work, or move abroad in 2025, you may have probably come across the term “CEFR levels in IELTS” while searching language requirements. The levels were first introduced in 2001 by Common European Framework of Reference of Language (CEFR) in an effort to make teaching and learning of a foreign language more conductive and effective.

While most of the people do know about IELTS band score, they might not know about its credibility as one of the important factors in accessing language capability of a user by universities, governments and users worldwide. Understanding how CEFR levels correspond to your IELTS score can help you set clear strategies and improve your chances in getting admissions in top universities around the world.

This blog will guide you through everything about CEFR levels in relation to IELTS, that is: what they are, why they matter and how you can improve your CEFR level to boost your IELTS performance.

What are CEFR Levels in IELTS?

The Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) is an international scale of measuring how competent a user is in a specific language. The CEFR, developed by the Council of Europe, classifies language skills on 6 levels: A1, A2, B1, B2, C1 and C2. These levels are used to evaluate the ability of an individual to understand, speak, read and write a language.

Under IELTS (International English Language Testing System), CEFR levels provide a means of interpreting your IELTS band score in relation to how well you can use English in practice. 

The CEFR framework comes in handy, particularly in institutions or immigration agencies, where language requirements have to be harmonized across various tests such as IELTS, TOEFL or PTE.

CEFR levels correspond to IELTS scores, helping test-takers assess their English proficiency. These levels range from basic (A1 & A2) to independent (B1& B2) and proficient (C1& C2) users, each with distinct communication abilities suitable for different academic and professional purposes.

A1 & A2 – Basic Users

A1 and A2 levels represent basic English skills. Learners at this stage can engage in simple conversations but struggle with complex grammar and vocabulary. These levels are not sufficient for higher education or professional purposes.

• A1 (IELTS 1.0 - 2.5): Can understand and use familiar expressions but struggles with independent conversations.
• A2 (IELTS 3.0 - 3.5): Can handle simple communication in everyday situations but lacks fluency.

These levels are mainly suitable for beginner language learners and do not meet most academic or job requirements.

B1 & B2 – Independent Users

B1 and B2 levels indicate moderate English proficiency. Learners at this stage can interact in academic and professional settings but may still have limitations in vocabulary and grammar.

• B1 (IELTS 4.0 - 5.0): Can handle casual conversations and basic work-related discussions.
• B2 (IELTS 5.5 - 6.5): Can participate in academic and professional conversations with confidence.

Most universities require B2 as a minimum level for admission, and many job positions demand at least a B1 level for workplace communication.

C1 & C2 – Proficient Users

C1 and C2 levels indicate high proficiency in English. Candidates at these levels can communicate fluently and understand complex texts.

• C1 (IELTS 7.0 - 8.0): Suitable for academic and professional settings, including university coursework and business environments.
• C2 (IELTS 8.5 - 9.0): Equivalent to near-native fluency, ideal for research, teaching, and expert communication.

Most top universities and multinational corporations prefer C1 or C2-level English speakers.

Difference between IELTS Band Score and CEFR levels

Although IELTS bands and CEFR levels are used to measure the proficiency of English, they are quite different scales:

The scores in the IELTS Band range between 0 and 9, and they are test-specific. These marks mark how well you have done in each of the areas of Listening, Reading, Writing and Speaking and subsequently allocating the overall band to you.

CEFR Levels do not relate to any particular test, and are an overall description of language proficiency. They are oriented on what you are able to do with the language at each level (e.g., write e-mails, ask and give interviews, follow lectures).

The following table shows how each CEFR level corresponds to IELTS score:

CEFR Levels	IELTS Band Score	Level of Proficiency
C2	8.5 - 9.0	Proficient User
C1	7.0 - 8.0	Advanced
B2	5.5 - 6.5	Upper Intermediate
B1	4.0 - 5.0	Intermediate
A2	3.0 - 3.5	Elementary
A1	2.0 - 2.5	Beginner

It’s important to note that these mappings are indicative and not fixed, as IELTS does not officially define exact CEFR equivalents for every score.

Also read: How Long Does it Take to Prepare for IELTS? to understand how much time you should allocate for each section to optimize your study efforts.

Importance of CEFR Levels in IELTS for Students

For test-takers, who are midway through their IELTS test preparation, understanding the CEFR and its importance for study, work, and migration to abroad is very important. It provides a detailed understanding of your English language skills based on international standards.

CEFR levels act as a universal standard for understanding language proficiency. They allow:

• Universities to define eligibility criteria across various countries and exams. For eg: Coventry University in UK requires B2 level of proficiency for their undergraduate courses.
• Employers to assess whether a candidate can perform in an English-speaking environment.
• Immigration bodies to set fair and consistent language benchmarks. For Eg: The UK Visas and Immigration (UKVI) requires a B1 level for citizenship and settlement applications.

By knowing your CEFR level, you can align your preparation with the expectations of your target destination.

Additionally, check out the IELTS Band Score Chart (PDF) for a detailed breakdown of Reading, Writing, Speaking, & Listening scores.

CEFR Levels Requirements for IELTS

The required proficiency of CREF levels can vary for studying abroad, applying for a job, or getting a visa.

For Study

• Undergraduate courses (Bachelor’s): Most universities ask for CEFR level B2 for various undergraduate courses, which is equivalent to IELTS score between 5.5 to 6.5.
• Postgraduate courses (Master’s or higher): Usually, students are expected to reach C1 level, so the IELTS band should be 6.5 to 7.5. Academic programs that are more competitive may ask for higher scores.

For Work

• Jobs in English-speaking countries: Many employers mention B2 CEFR level or more in their job description. An IELTS band of 6.0 or higher is commonly accepted.
• UK Skilled Worker Visa: For UK visa routes like Skilled Worker or Healthcare visa, the requirement is usually B1 or B2 level, which equals an IELTS score between 4.0 to 5.5, depending on the job.

For Immigrations (Visas)

• Canada Express Entry: The Canadian system often expects B2 or C1 level for language eligibility. You may need an IELTS score of 6.0 to 8.0, depending on the visa type or program.
• Australia PR (Permanent Residency): Australian immigration usually requires at least B2 CEFR level. 

Also, check out IELTS Preparation Online - The Best Solution for a comprehensive approach to preparing for the exam using online resources and study tools.

How to Check your CEFR Levels?

To identify your CEFR level, you can use a combination of online assessments, IELTS score mappings, and self-evaluation tools. Here are some ways to check it:

• Take a CEFR Based online English Test: British Council, Cambridge English and many other websites provide free or paid tests of the levels according to CEFR standards. They are typically a measure of all four skills and provide you approximately your CEFR level.
• Check IELTS Score Equivalents: If you have already done the IELTS, consult the official CEFR-IELTS translation tables which may be found in institutions such as IELTS.org or Cambridge. This will assist you in estimating your level of proficiency.
• Make use of Self-Assessment Grids: CEFR has self-assessment grids on the Council of Europe where you can assess your own abilities with reference to the descriptors.
• Poll the Experts: Attend a language school or IELTS coaching centre which provides diagnostic tests. Teachers will be able to assist in the interpretation of your level and in your areas of development.

Ensuring that you check your CEFR level will provide you with a point of reference regarding the focused learning experience and will enable you to formulate realistic IELTS objectives.

How to Improve your CEFR Levels?

If you want to move to a higher CEFR level like B2, C1, or C2, you need to increase your IELTS band score. This needs regular practice, smart study, and using the right tips. Here are some simple ways to help you:

Understanding Your Current Level

The calculation of your current level of CEFR assists you to devise a focused study plan. The best thing you can do is evaluate your strengths and weaknesses with the help of self-assessment resources and the IELTS practice tests.

To determine your current level according to the frame of reference as accepted by CEFR, you may take some mock IELTS tests and compare the results in reading, writing, listening, and speaking skills.

Strategies to Improve from A2 to B1/B2

To move from A2 to B1 or B2, candidates need to strengthen their vocabulary, grammar and conversational skills through structured learning.

• Read English newspapers and books to expand vocabulary.
• Practice speaking with native speakers or use language learning apps.
• Take structured IELTS preparation courses for targeted improvement.

Strategies to Improve from B2 to C1/C2

Achieving C1 or C2 requires advanced English proficiency. Learners should focus on improving academic writing, comprehension, and fluency in professional communication.

• Engage with complex reading materials, such as research papers.
• Practice structured essay writing to improve academic English.
• Listen to podcasts and debates to refine fluency and pronunciation.

Also, check out IELTS Preparation Online - The Best Solution for a comprehensive approach to preparing for the exam using online resources and study tools.

Conclusion

Being certain of what you can do and what is expected of you by institutions and governments in foreign countries is more than mapping CEFR levels in IELTS. Whether as an aspiring undergraduate, as a prospective employee or as a permanent resident, the problem is such that once you know the CEFR levels, you will know what level you require and this will give you all the motivation to move to that particular level.

Based on the CEFR framework, evaluate the level you currently have and/or envisage your learning objectives and cover your progress. When you have a selection of resources and you know your target IELTS scores very well, then it is much easier to achieve what you need (based on your target scores) and what you want to achieve (based on your global dreams).