Apache Storm vs Spark: Full Comparison & Use Cases
By Mukesh Kumar
Updated on Apr 25, 2025 | 26 min read | 1.1k views
Share:
For working professionals
For fresh graduates
More
By Mukesh Kumar
Updated on Apr 25, 2025 | 26 min read | 1.1k views
Share:
Table of Contents
Data is all around us, whether it’s a small startup’s customer list or a giant company’s financial reports. Companies use this information to see how their business is running and where they can improve things. According to a report, global data creation is estimated to grow to over 394 zettabytes by 2028.
With the rise of real-time data, the demand for effective streaming solutions is increasing rapidly. Distributed computing frameworks like Apache Storm and Apache Spark are the leading frameworks in the Big Data area. According to Statista, the global market share of leading data processing technologies in 2023 was Apache Kafka (16.88%), Apache Hadoop (12.87%), and Apache Spark (6.91%). This data highlights the importance of efficient real-time processing frameworks like Storm and Spark.
Storm specializes in real-time stream processing, while Spark offers both batch and micro-batch processing capabilities. Both tools are powerful, but which one is right for you? This blog provides a comprehensive comparison of Apache Storm vs Spark, focusing on their features and use cases.
In the era of ever-increasing data streams, Apache Storm remains a vital tool for real-time data processing. It's designed to handle high-velocity data with remarkable speed and reliability. Whether you're monitoring social media trends, detecting fraud in financial transactions, or analyzing sensor data from IoT devices, Storm allows you to gain immediate insights and take timely action. Let's dive into the core aspects that make Apache Storm a key player in the Big Data arena.
Storm’s architecture is built for low-latency, true real-time stream processing, allowing responses in milliseconds. If your application demands immediate action based on incoming data, Storm's architecture has you covered.
The core components of Storm include:
Apache Storm processes continuous, unbounded streams of data in real time. It handles each incoming record, called a tuple, as soon as it arrives without waiting to collect data in batches. This immediate, record-by-record processing minimizes delays and ensures ultra-low latency. It is useful in situations where instant decisions are essential, such as fraud detection, live monitoring, or real-time recommendation systems.
Apache Storm operates on a unique processing model that focuses on real-time data handling, allowing you to manage unbounded streams of data effectively. This model is essential for applications where instantaneous event-time processing is crucial.
Apache Storm is designed with exceptional reliability and fault tolerance mechanisms, making it suitable for mission-critical workflows. Its architecture ensures that data processing continues seamlessly, even during node failures. This unique capability makes Apache Storm a good choice for applications that require high availability and data integrity.
Apache Storm is highly versatile, supporting multiple programming languages for developing its components, such as spouts and bolts. This flexibility allows developers to choose the languages that best fit their team’s expertise and project requirements. Let’s explore some of the most common programming languages supported by Apache Storm:
Want to master real-time data processing? Join upGrad’s Executive Diploma in Data Science from IIITB and gain expertise in handling streaming data with Apache Storm and Spark.
Apache Spark is designed for high-speed data processing and analytics. It provides a unified platform for various tasks, including batch processing, real-time analytics, machine learning, and graph processing. This makes it an indispensable tool for organizations seeking to extract valuable insights from massive datasets. Whether you're a data scientist, engineer, or analyst, Spark empowers you to tackle complex data challenges with ease and efficiency. Its in-memory processing capabilities make it significantly faster than traditional disk-based alternatives. Here’s how Apache Spark helps in data processing:
Apache Spark functions as a unified engine that adeptly handles both batch and micro-batch processing, making it an essential tool for modern data analytics. This dual capability contributes to managing large datasets and addressing real-time data processing needs. Let’s see how it works:
Also Read: Top 10 Apache Spark Use Cases Across Industries and Their Impact in 2025
Apache Spark employs a high-level processing model that leverages in-memory computing and a cluster-based architecture to optimize performance and efficiency. This model is fundamental to its ability to handle both batch and real-time data processing. Let’s understand how this processing model works:
Apache Spark is built with robust reliability and fault tolerance mechanisms, ensuring that data processing continues smoothly even when the system fails. This capability is essential for applications that require high availability and data integrity.
Apache Spark supports a variety of programming languages, allowing developers to choose the one that best fits their skills and project requirements. This flexibility is one of the key features that makes Spark a popular choice for big data processing. Explore this Apache Spark Tutorial to understand how to optimize performance and handle massive datasets seamlessly.
Here are the key programming languages that Apache Spark supports:
Here’s a comparison table for native Scala/Java support vs. Python (PySpark) and R (SparkR) integrations:
Feature | Scala/Java (Native Support) | Python (PySpark) | R (SparkR) |
Performance | High, optimized for Spark | Slightly slower than Scala/Java | Slower than PySpark |
Ease of Use | Complex, requires more code | Easier, user-friendly APIs | Simplified but limited functions |
API Maturity | Most mature, full Spark features | Well-developed, widely used | Less mature, fewer features |
Best For | High-performance, large-scale applications | Data science, ML, flexible scripting | Statistical analysis, basic data processing |
Looking to boost your big data skills? Enroll in upGrad’s Executive Post Graduate Program in Data Science & Machine Learning program and learn how to process real-time data efficiently!
When it comes to real-time data processing, Apache Storm and Apache Spark are strong contenders, but they operate with fundamentally different approaches. Choosing between them depends heavily on your specific needs and priorities. Storm excels at true real-time, low-latency processing of continuous data streams, while Spark offers powerful analytical capabilities with slightly higher latency. Understanding their core differences will enable you to make the right choice for your project. Here’s a big data tools comparison, including their processing models, fault tolerance, and language flexibility.
The most significant difference between Storm and Spark lies in their processing models. Storm is designed for true real-time processing, while Spark uses micro-batching. This distinction leads to different latency characteristics. Let's compare the Apache Storm vs Spark:
Feature | Apache Storm | Apache Spark |
Processing Model | Processes each record instantly for immediate handling. | Uses micro-batching for high throughput with slight delays. |
Latency | Offers sub-second latency, ideal for quick reactions. | Provides latency in seconds, suitable for real-time analysis. |
Use Cases | Best for fraud detection, real-time monitoring, and gaming. | Ideal for ETL processes, streaming analytics, and machine learning. |
Both Storm and Spark have robust fault tolerance mechanisms, but they differ in how they achieve data recovery and reliability. Storm focuses on per-record ACID compliance, while Spark relies on RDD lineage and checkpointing. Let's break the fault tolerance mechanism between Apache Storm vs Spark:
Feature | Apache Storm | Apache Spark |
Fault Tolerance | Processes each message at least once; may duplicate. | Uses RDDs to track lineage; recomputes lost partitions from the original data source. |
Recovery Method | Acknowledgment system ensures reliable processing. | Checkpointing saves RDD state for faster recovery. |
Data Consistency | Provides ACID properties for reliable transactions. | Offers consistency via lineage but less ACID compliance. |
Operational Overhead | Acknowledgment adds overhead in high-volume scenarios. | RDD lineage can be intensive; checkpointing adds storage cost. |
When choosing a framework, language support and developer experience are key considerations. Storm is primarily Java-centric, while Spark offers a polyglot ecosystem, making it accessible to a broader range of developers. Let’s compare Apache Storm vs Spark language flexibility & developer experience:
Features | Apache Storm | Apache Spark |
Language Support | Primarily Java; supports Clojure, Python | Supports Scala, Python, Java, R |
Developer Experience | Requires manual coding; complex setup | Higher-level API; simpler data handling |
Community Support | Smaller, Java-focused community | Large, active community with resources |
Integration | Works well with the Hadoop ecosystem | Seamless integration with Hadoop, Kafka |
Processing Model | True stream processing | Batch and micro-batch processing |
Latency | Low latency; sub-second response | Higher latency; processes in batches |
Fault Tolerance | Automatic recovery via Zookeeper | Recovery through resource managers |
Scalability | Easy to scale by adding worker nodes | Horizontal scaling with more nodes |
Build a strong career in AI-driven data analytics! Join upGrad’s Professional Certificate Program in Data Science and Business Analytics Program and gain hands-on experience in real-time data management.
Selecting the right tool for your big data projects in 2025 is crucial for success. Apache Storm vs Spark both have powerful frameworks, but they cater to different needs. Exploring their strengths and weaknesses will help you make informed decisions. The choice depends on your project's specific requirements, such as real-time processing needs, the complexity of data transformations, and the desired analytical capabilities. Let's delve into when to choose each tool and explore the potential of hybrid approaches:
Apache Storm excels when your project demands millisecond responses and real-time data processing. If you're dealing with applications that require immediate action, Storm might be your best bet. Here’s when to pick Apache Storm:
Apache Spark is ideal for unified pipelines that require machine learning, SQL, and both batch and streaming capabilities within a single framework. It's a versatile tool for a wide range of data processing tasks. Here’s when to pick Apache Spark:
Read More: Apache Spark Streaming Tutorial
Combining Apache Storm for real-time data ingestion and Apache Spark for batch analytics creates a powerful layered architecture. This hybrid approach allows organizations to use the strengths of both frameworks. Here’s how this hybrid approach works:
Hybrid approaches are particularly beneficial in various industries. For example, in finance, organizations can use batch processing for end-of-day reporting while employing real-time analytics for fraud detection. Similarly, in e-commerce, businesses can analyze historical purchasing patterns while monitoring live customer behavior to personalize recommendations instantly.
Looking to enhance your skills in real-time processing with Apache Storm or build a comprehensive analytics pipeline with Apache Spark? upGrad provides the resources and expertise you need. upGrad offers a range of courses and certifications to help you master these essential big data tools. Let’s see what upGrad courses and certifications can help you upgrade your skills.
Course/Certification | Skills Provided |
Data Analysis Course |
|
Master of Science in Data Science |
|
Professional Certificate Program in AI and Data Science Bootcamp |
|
Big Data Engineering Program |
|
Post Graduate Certificate in Data Science & AI (Executive) |
|
By enrolling in these programs, you can gain in-depth knowledge and hands-on experience, preparing you for a successful career in the rapidly evolving field of data science and big data. UpGrad's comprehensive curriculum and expert instructors ensure that you are well-equipped to tackle real-world challenges and drive innovation in your organization.
As we move further into 2025, several emerging trends are influencing the adoption and application of Apache Storm vs Spark. Although these technologies work efficiently, key trends like the rise of edge computing and the increasing demand for real-time AI/ML are reshaping how businesses use them. That’s why understanding these trends is useful when choosing between them based on real-time and big data needs.
Let’s explore the key factors impacting Storm and Spark adoption:
Edge computing, which brings computation and data storage closer to the source of data, is becoming more prevalent. This shift favors solutions that can operate efficiently in resource-constrained environments. Let’s understand how:
The increasing demand for real-time AI and ML is another trend impacting big data technologies. While Spark offers MLlib, a machine learning integration library, Storm relies on external integrations, such as TensorFlow, for its ML capabilities. Let’s understand how real-time AI/ML demand reshapes Apache Storm vs Spark adoption:
Additionally, Storm’s approach offers the flexibility to use cutting-edge ML technologies, while Spark’s integrated MLlib provides convenience and ease of use. Therefore, you can choose a framework depending on your big data processing requirements.
Serverless computing and managed cloud services are streamlining big data operations by reducing costs while enhancing scalability. These solutions allow you to focus on building applications rather than managing infrastructure. Here are some examples of serverless and managed services that reduce operational complexity:
Upgrade your skills in machine learning and real-time data processing! Enroll in upGrad’s Executive Diploma in ML & AI from IIIT B (Executive) and learn to implement streaming frameworks like Apache Spark.
Want to learn from the best? upGrad offers industry-relevant certification programs designed to help professionals excel in big data technologies like Apache Storm and Apache Spark. With expert mentorship, hands-on training, and career support, learners can bridge skill gaps. Our practical-oriented programs enhance candidates' employability and help them secure high-paying roles in data engineering, analytics, and cloud computing. Let’s explore how upGrad can help you upskill in data technologies:
upGrad provides specialized courses to help professionals become experts in real-time and batch processing. Our certificate programs are designed in collaboration with industry leaders and academic experts to ensure practical relevance and market alignment. Here are our top programs to help you tackle real-world challenges:
Program |
Key Skilled Covered |
Who Should Enroll? |
Apache Spark, Hadoop, data pipelines, real-time processing |
|
|
Cloud-based data processing, AWS Glue, Confluent Cloud |
|
|
Data processing, Python, SQL, real-time analytics |
|
|
Machine Learning Algorithms, Deep Learning, Natural Language Processing, and Big Data Technologies (including an overview of Spark for ML) |
|
upGrad connects you with industry experts and experienced mentors who guide you throughout your learning journey. You’ll gain insights into best practices, emerging trends, and career strategies. Additionally, networking with alumni and professionals increases job opportunities and helps with salary negotiations. With upGrad, you gain access to hiring managers and recruiters looking for skilled big data professionals.
We provide comprehensive career support to help you transition into big data roles effectively. Here’s how upGrad’s career support services assist learners in securing top positions in tech companies:
As the demand for robust data processing solutions grows, both Apache Storm and Apache Spark offer unique advantages. There is no doubt that both frameworks are dominant in the big data arena. However, choosing between Apache Storm vs Spark requires careful consideration. Spark’s machine learning capabilities and ease of use are compelling, while Storm offers unmatched real-time stream processing. Professionals equipped with knowledge of both frameworks are well-positioned to address diverse data challenges effectively. Consider your project’s real-time needs and processing style before selecting one, or opt for a hybrid approach to harness their full potential.
Ready to master these technologies? Explore upGrad’s Big Data course to enhance your skills.
Boost your career with our popular Software Engineering courses, offering hands-on training and expert guidance to turn you into a skilled software developer.
Master in-demand Software Development skills like coding, system design, DevOps, and agile methodologies to excel in today’s competitive tech industry.
Stay informed with our widely-read Software Development articles, covering everything from coding techniques to the latest advancements in software engineering.
References:
https://www.statista.com/statistics/871513/worldwide-data-created/#:~:text=Amount%20of%20data%20created%2C%20consumed,2023%2C%20with%20forecasts%20to%202028&text=The%20total%20amount%20of%20data,home%20entertainment%20options%20more%20often.
https://www.statista.com/statistics/1258671/big-data-processing-software-market-share-technology-worldwide/
https://www.upgrad.com/blog/big-data-tools/
https://www.upgrad.com/blog/apache-storm-overview/
https://www.upgrad.com/blog/apache-spark-features/
https://www.upgrad.com/blog/apache-spark-tutorial-beginners/
https://www.whizlabs.com/blog/apache-storm-vs-apache-spark/
https://mindmajix.com/apache-spark-vs-apache-storm
https://data-flair.training/blogs/apache-storm-vs-spark-streaming/
https://phoenixnap.com/kb/apache-storm-vs-spark
https://www.tutorialspoint.com/apache-storm-vs-spark-side-by-side-comparison
https://www.simplilearn.com/tutorials/big-data-tutorial/apache-strom
https://www.edureka.co/blog/spark-architecture/
231 articles published
Get Free Consultation
By submitting, I accept the T&C and
Privacy Policy
India’s #1 Tech University
Executive PG Certification in AI-Powered Full Stack Development
77%
seats filled
Top Resources