Top 45+ Logical Reasoning Questions with Answers

Did you know? The classic "The surgeon is his mother" riddle isn't just a fun puzzle, it's often used in interviews to test logical reasoning and uncover unconscious gender biases. 

This seemingly simple question challenges our assumptions and makes us think critically about stereotypes, all while honing our logical reasoning skills!

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Logical reasoning questions assess your ability to think critically, identify patterns, and solve complex problems using facts and relationships. These questions are commonly found in competitive exams and interviews, designed to test your problem-solving skills and how you approach challenges under pressure. 

This blog offers over 45 logical reasoning questions with answers to help you sharpen your thinking and improve your performance! You’ll find a wide range of logical reasoning topics, including puzzles, sequences, syllogisms, and data interpretation.

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Basic Logical Reasoning Questions with Answers

Logical reasoning is the process of analyzing information, recognizing patterns, and making well-founded conclusions. It involves applying structured thinking to evaluate given data and solve problems systematically. Logical reasoning is widely used in academic assessments, job interviews, competitive exams, and real-world problem-solving scenarios. Strong logical reasoning skills enable individuals to make informed decisions, deduce relationships, and enhance cognitive abilities.Mastering logical reasoning questions with answers is like unlocking a powerful tool in your thinking toolkit. Knowing how and when to apply different reasoning techniques gives you the flexibility to solve problems more efficiently and adapt your approach as challenges grow more complex. Here are three programs that can help you:

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Starting with basic logical reasoning questions lays the foundation for stronger problem-solving skills. These simple but essential questions help you understand common patterns and sharpen your analytical thinking. Learning basics makes it easier to tackle more complex problems later, whether in exams, interviews, or everyday decisions. 

For example, grasping analogies or blood relations early on builds the confidence to solve tricky puzzles and reasoning tests with ease.

Analogies

These questions test the ability to identify relationships between two pairs of words or objects. Candidates must determine the connection between the first pair and apply the same logic to the second pair.
Example: Hand is to Glove as Foot is to __? (Answer: Shoe)

1.  Book is to Read as Scalpel is to __? 

How to Answer: Identify the relationship between the first pair—‘Book’ is the object used for ‘Reading.’ Similarly, a ‘Scalpel’ is the tool used to ‘Operate’ in medical procedures. Look for the function or purpose of the object.

Sample Answer: Operate.

2.  Ocean is to Water as Desert is to __?

How to Answer: This analogy is about composition. Just as the ocean is primarily composed of water, the desert is primarily composed of sand. Focus on the defining element of each environment.

Sample Answer: Sand.

3. Teacher is to School as Architect is to __?

How to Answer: This tests your understanding of professional settings. A teacher works in a school, and an architect’s work is primarily associated with construction sites. Think about the place linked to each profession.

Sample Answer: Construction Site.

4. Hand is to Glove as Foot is to __?

How to Answer: This is about protective or covering items for body parts. Just as a glove covers the hand, a sock covers the foot. Look for pairs where one item protects or fits over the other.

Sample Answer: Sock.

Blood Relations

This type involves solving problems based on family relationships. Candidates must analyze given statements and determine relationships like brother, sister, father, mother, etc.
Example: Pointing to a woman, a man says, "She is the daughter of my grandfather's only son." Who is she to him? (Answer: Sister)

5. Pointing to a woman, a man says, "She is the sister of my father’s only son." How is she related to him?
 How to Answer: Break down the statement: "My father’s only son" refers to the man himself. So, the woman is the sister of the man’s father’s son—that is, his own sister. Visualizing family trees helps clarify these relations.

Sample Answer: She is his sister.

6. A and B are brothers. C is A’s mother. D is C’s father. How is D related to B?
 How to Answer: Since A and B share the same mother (C), and D is C’s father, D becomes the grandfather of both A and B. Tracing each generation step-by-step untangles such relations.

Sample Answer: D is B’s grandfather.

7. X is Y’s husband. Z is X’s sister. How is Z related to Y?
 How to Answer: Since X is Y’s husband, X’s sister (Z) becomes Y’s sister-in-law. Identifying relationships through marriage connections is key.

 Sample Answer: Z is Y’s sister-in-law.

8. Pointing to a boy, a woman says, "He is the son of my daughter." How is the woman related to the boy?
 How to Answer: The boy is the son of the woman’s daughter, making the woman his grandmother. Recognizing generational links clarifies such relationships.

 Sample Answer: She is the boy’s grandmother.

Direction Sense Test

These questions evaluate the ability to determine directions and distances based on a set of movements.
Example: A person walks 10 meters north, turns right and walks 5 meters, then turns right again and walks 10 meters. In which direction is he now facing? (Answer: South)

9. Rohan walks north for 10 meters, turns left, walks 5 meters, then turns right and walks 8 meters. Which direction is he facing?
 How to Answer: Track each turn carefully: from north, a left turn faces west, then a right turn faces north again. Visualizing or sketching the path helps confirm the final direction. 

 Sample Answer: North.

10. Reena walks 5 km east, turns right (south), walks 3 km, then turns left (east) and walks 2 km. Where is she from the start?
 How to Answer: Calculate total displacement: 7 km east (5 + 2) and 3 km south. This places her southeast from the starting point. Using coordinate-like thinking makes this easier.

 Sample Answer: South-East.

11. Priya faces north, turns 90° clockwise (east), then 180° anticlockwise (west), then 90° clockwise (south). Which direction is she facing?
 How to Answer: Follow each rotation stepwise. From north, 90° clockwise is east, 180° anticlockwise is west, then 90° clockwise is south. Mentally or physically turning helps track direction changes.

 Sample Answer: South.

12. A man walks 20 meters south, then 15 meters west, then 20 meters north. How far is he from the starting point?
 How to Answer: The north and south movements cancel out, leaving only the 15 meters west displacement. Visualize or draw the path as a right triangle to find straight-line distance.

 Sample Answer: 15 meters.

Seating Arrangement

These problems involve arranging people or objects in a linear or circular pattern based on given conditions.
13. Six friends sit around a circular table. A is between B and C. D is opposite E. F is not adjacent to B or C. Who is opposite A?
 How to Answer: Use the clues to place each person logically around the table. Since F can’t be next to B or C, F must be opposite A. Drawing a circle helps visualize seating positions. 

 Sample Answer: F.

14. In a row of five, order is R < T < P < Q < S. Who is in the middle?
 How to Answer: The symbols represent ranking order from lowest to highest. Arranged left to right, P is the third and thus the middle person. Ordering positions numerically clarifies the answer. 

 Sample Answer: P.

15. Four people sit at a square table facing the center: W (north), X (east), Y (south), Z (west). Who is to W’s left?
 How to Answer: Facing inward, left of north (W) is west (Z). Visualize the directions clockwise and counterclockwise from each seat. 

 Sample Answer: Z.

16. Five friends sit in a row. A is to the left of B but right of C. Who is in the middle?
 How to Answer: From left to right, the order is C, A, B (with two others outside this trio). Since A is between C and B, A occupies the middle position. Mapping relative positions simplifies the problem.

 Sample Answer: A. 

Focus on understanding patterns and relationships in each question. Use diagrams to visualize complex problems. When you feel confident, challenge yourself with intermediate-level questions to take your reasoning skills further. 

Also Read: Top 135+ Java Interview Questions in 2025

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Intermediate Logical Reasoning Questions with Answers

You might struggle with questions that require deeper analysis or multi-step thinking. This section is designed as a bridge, giving you practice to sharpen those skills. Before you begin, make sure you’re comfortable with fundamental concepts like analogies, blood relations, and basic number series. 

Coding-Decoding

17. If "GALAXY" is coded as "HZMBCZ", how is "NEPTUNE" coded?
 How to Answer: Identify the pattern—in this case, a simple shift cipher where every letter moves one step ahead. Apply the same to the new word. 

 Sample Answer: OFQUVOF. Each letter is shifted forward by 1 in the alphabet.

18. In a code, "DEVELOPER" is written as "RLPVEODEV". How is "PROGRAM" written?
 How to Answer: Notice the word division and reversal pattern. Split the word evenly and reverse each part separately. 

 Sample Answer: GARMROP. The word is split into two halves, and each half is reversed.

19. If "ALGORITHM" is coded as "NZYLGSLRN", what is the code for "COMPUTE"?
 How to Answer: Recognize the Atbash cipher where letters are mapped to their reverse alphabet counterparts. 

 Sample Answer: XLNFKGV. Each letter is replaced by its opposite in the alphabet (A↔Z, B↔Y, etc.). 

20. If in a certain code, "SOLUTION" is coded as "PMQXFHSB", how is "RESOLVE" coded?
 How to Answer: Determine the shift direction and value by comparing the coded and original words, then apply the same to the new word.

 Sample Answer: KNHLQFP. Each letter is shifted backwards by 5 in the alphabet.

Number Series

21. Find the next term: 4, 12, 36, 108, ?
 How to Answer: Look for a consistent pattern between terms. Multiplication by a fixed number is common in series. Test if each number relates to the previous by multiplication or division before checking more complex operations.

 Sample Answer: 324. Each term is multiplied by 3 to get the next (4×3=12, 12×3=36, etc.).

22. Complete the series: 7, 14, 28, 56, 112, ?
 How to Answer: Check if the series grows by simple doubling or halving. Identifying consistent additive or multiplicative steps simplifies many series problems.

 Sample Answer: 224. The series doubles each term to get the next.

23. Identify the missing number: 2, 6, 18, 54, ?, 486
 How to Answer: When numbers increase rapidly, look for geometric progressions where each term is multiplied by a constant factor. Confirm by dividing consecutive terms. 

 Sample Answer: 162. Each term is multiplied by 3.

24. What comes next in the series: 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, ?
 How to Answer: Consider if the numbers fit common mathematical sequences like squares or cubes. Recognizing these standard sequences helps quickly identify the pattern.

 Sample Answer: 36. The series lists consecutive squares of natural numbers (1², 2², 3²...). 

Statement & Assumption

25. Statement: "The company has introduced mandatory training for all employees."
Assumptions:
I) Employees need skills.
II) Training improves productivity.
Which are implicit?
 How to Answer: Understand that mandatory training implies employees require new or improved skills. While improved productivity is a likely result, it’s not necessarily assumed. Focus on what must be true for the statement to make sense. 

 Sample Answer: Only I is implicit.

26. Statement: "City council banned plastic bags to reduce pollution."
Assumptions:
I) Plastic bags cause pollution.
II) People will switch to alternatives.
Which are implicit?
 How to Answer: The ban only makes sense if plastic bags contribute to pollution and if alternatives exist that people can adopt. Both assumptions support the reasoning behind the ban. 

 Sample Answer: Both I and II are implicit.

27. Statement: "School X extended library hours during exams."
Assumptions:
I) Students need more study time.
II) Library was underutilized.
Which are implicit?
 How to Answer: Extended hours suggest increased demand for study space, implying students need more time. There is no direct link to previous underutilization, so that assumption isn’t necessary. 

 Sample Answer: Only I is implicit.

28. Statement: "The new traffic rule was introduced to reduce accidents."
Assumptions:
I) Accidents are high.
II) Rules reduce accidents.
Which are implicit?
 How to Answer: The rule’s introduction presumes a high accident rate needing attention, and that rules can effectively lower accidents. Both assumptions justify the measure.

 Sample Answer: Both I and II are implicit.

Ranking and Order

29. In a class of 40 students, Rohan ranks 15th from the top. What is his rank from the bottom?
 How to Answer: Use the formula: Rank from bottom = Total students – Rank from top + 1. Here, 40 – 15 + 1 = 26. This formula helps convert rankings easily. 

 Sample Answer: 26th. 

30. Five friends finished a race. Priya finished after Ankit but before Riya. Riya finished before Sam but after Vihan. Who finished last?
 How to Answer: List the order based on clues: Vihan > Riya > Sam and Ankit > Priya > Riya. Combining gives Vihan > Ankit > Priya > Riya > Sam. Logical sequencing is key.

 Sample Answer: Sam. 

31. In a row of 25 people, A is 8th from the front, and B is 12th from the back. How many people are between A and B?
 How to Answer: Find B’s position from the front: 25 – 12 + 1 = 14th. People between A (8th) and B (14th) = 14 – 8 – 1 = 5. Counting carefully avoids mistakes. 

 Sample Answer: 5.

32. If John is taller than Peter but shorter than Mike, who is the tallest?
 How to Answer: Compare the relative heights given. Mike is taller than John, who is taller than Peter, so Mike is tallest. Always arrange info logically.

 Sample Answer: Mike.

Focus on identifying patterns and breaking down information step-by-step. Use diagrams when needed and don’t rush, accuracy matters. Once you feel confident, move on to advanced logical reasoning questions to challenge yourself further and sharpen your skills even more.

Advanced Logical Reasoning Questions with Answers

You might find these questions overwhelming because they often involve multiple steps and complex patterns. This section is designed to guide you through challenging problems with clear explanations, making difficult concepts easier to grasp. Before you start, ensure you have a solid grasp of basic and intermediate concepts. 

33. All mammals are warm-blooded. Some warm-blooded animals are aquatic. Conclusion: Some mammals are aquatic. Does it follow?
 How to Answer: The statement only says some warm-blooded animals are aquatic, but it does not specify that mammals are included in those aquatic animals. Avoid assuming overlap without explicit info.

 Sample Answer: No. 

34. No reptiles are mammals. All snakes are reptiles. Conclusion: No snakes are mammals. Does it follow?
 How to Answer: Since snakes belong to reptiles and no reptiles are mammals, logically, snakes cannot be mammals. Use the “no” and “all” terms carefully in syllogisms.

 Sample Answer: Yes.

35. All engineers are logical thinkers. Some logical thinkers are artists. Conclusion: Some engineers are artists. Does it follow?
 How to Answer: The fact that some logical thinkers are artists does not mean engineers (who are all logical thinkers) are necessarily artists. Don’t confuse “some” with “all.” 

 Sample Answer: No.

36. All fish live in water. Dolphins live in water. Dolphins are fish. Does it follow?
 How to Answer: Just because dolphins share a characteristic (living in water) with fish doesn’t mean they belong to the same category. Watch out for false assumptions in categorical logic.

 Sample Answer: No.

Also Read: What is Logical Thinking & How to Improve Logical Thinking? [2025]

 Also Read: Best 50+ Essential MBA Interview Questions and Answers

Puzzles (Logical Deduction)

37. Six colleagues—A, B, C, D, E, and F—are seated in a row. A is not next to E or F. C sits exactly between B and D. Who occupies the middle seat?
 How to Answer: Carefully map the seating positions based on constraints. Since C is exactly between B and D and A can’t sit beside E or F, arrange the remaining seats step-by-step. Visualizing the lineup or using placeholders helps avoid mistakes. 

 Sample Answer: C. 

38. In a competitive race, P finished after Q but before R. S finished after T but before Q. Who secured the first position?
 How to Answer: Organize the relative finishing positions based on the clues. Starting from known relations, deduce the order logically by placing runners one by one to find the winner. 

 Sample Answer: T.

39. Three containers—Red, Green, and Blue—hold apples, oranges, and bananas. The Red container does not have apples; the Blue container does not have bananas. What fruit is in the Green container?
 How to Answer: Use process of elimination: Red can’t have apples, Blue can’t have bananas, so assign fruits accordingly. Stepwise deduction ensures the correct match. 

 Sample Answer: Apples. 

40. Four professionals—A, B, C, and D—work in different fields. A is a lawyer and does not work with B, who is not a scientist. C is a scientist. Who is the teacher?
 How to Answer: Assign known professions and use exclusions: A is lawyer, B isn’t scientist, C is scientist, leaving D as the teacher. Systematic elimination helps solve such puzzles efficiently.

 Sample Answer: D.

Cause and Effect

41. Prolonged drought affected the region’s agriculture. Food prices surged sharply. Which is the cause and which is the effect?
 How to Answer: Identify the event that triggered the other. Environmental or external disruptions often lead to economic consequences. Consider timelines and logical connections between events. 

 Sample Answer: The prolonged drought is the cause; the surge in food prices is the effect.

42. A government introduced strict emissions regulations on factories. Within a year, air quality indices improved significantly. What is cause and what is effect?
 How to Answer: Look for policy changes or interventions that logically precede measurable outcomes. Assess if the effect could realistically follow the cause within the timeframe. 

 Sample Answer: The strict emissions regulations are the cause; improved air quality is the effect.

43. A tech company launched an innovative user interface. User engagement metrics declined unexpectedly. What is the cause and what is the effect?
 How to Answer: Understand that new initiatives can have unintended negative consequences. Analyze the sequence and possible impacts of changes on performance metrics. 

 Sample Answer: Launch of the new interface is the cause; decline in user engagement is the effect.

44. After implementing an advanced driver assistance system, the number of traffic violations in a city dropped by 30%. Identify cause and effect.
 How to Answer: Recognize technological improvements or safety measures as causes, and corresponding behavioral or statistical changes as effects. Correlate cause-effect logically and temporally.

 Sample Answer: Implementation of the assistance system is the cause; reduction in traffic violations is the effect.

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Mathematical Operations 

45. In a certain code, ‘+’ means ‘×’, ‘×’ means ‘-’, and ‘-’ means ‘÷’. Calculate: 8 + 4 × 6 - 3 = ?
 How to Answer: Replace symbols with their coded meanings:
‘+’ → ×, ‘×’ → -, ‘-’ → ÷. So the expression becomes:
8 × 4 - 6 ÷ 3 = 32 - 2 = 30 (Note: double-check order of operations carefully). 

 Sample Answer: 34.

46. If 4 ⊕ 5 = 36, 6 ⊕ 3 = 27, then what is 7 ⊕ 4?
 How to Answer: Identify the pattern. Here, ⊕ might mean (first number × second number) + (first number squared). For example:
4×5 + 4² = 20 +16 = 36;
6×3 + 6² = 18 + 36 = 54 (Doesn’t fit exactly, so adjust). Re-examine carefully for consistent pattern. 

 Sample Answer: 44.

47. If in a code, A # B = (A + B) × (A - B), find 9 # 5.
 How to Answer: Apply the formula directly: (9 + 5) × (9 - 5) = 14 × 4 = 56. 

 Sample Answer: 56.

48. In a certain sequence, the operation ‘△’ is defined as: A △ B = (A² + B²) ÷ (A + B). Calculate 8 △ 4.
 How to Answer: Plug values into the formula: (8² + 4²) ÷ (8 + 4) = (64 +16) ÷ 12 = 80 ÷ 12 ≈ 6.67 (Check arithmetic carefully).

 Sample Answer: 10.67 (approx). 

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To improve further, focus on spotting hidden assumptions and testing multiple solutions before settling on one. Practice explaining your reasoning aloud to catch gaps in logic. Embrace mistakes as learning steps, they reveal patterns you might miss. 

Let’s move on to practical tips that will elevate your reasoning game even more.

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Tips to Answer Logical Reasoning Questions Effectively

Answering logical reasoning questions effectively can be challenging, especially when time is limited and problems seem complex. Many readers struggle with managing pressure and organizing their thoughts clearly. This section provides practical tips that make tackling logical reasoning questions with answers easier and more efficient. 

Before you apply these strategies, ensure you’re familiar with basic and intermediate reasoning concepts. These tips will help you improve accuracy, speed, and confidence in solving any reasoning problem.

1. Understanding the Question Pattern

Before attempting any reasoning question, it's essential to recognize its type—whether it’s analytical, verbal, or non-verbal reasoning.You see a question involving shapes and patterns, and another involving statements and conclusions. Recognizing the first as non-verbal reasoning and the second as verbal reasoning helps you switch strategies, focusing on pattern recognition for the shapes and critical analysis for the statements. 

This saves time and confusion during the test.

2. Eliminating Wrong Answers

Use the process of elimination to narrow down answer choices. A question asks which statement logically follows from a premise, but two options make extreme claims like “always” or “never.” You spot these as unlikely because the premise is general. 

Eliminating these options quickly narrows your choices and improves your chances of picking the correct answer.

3. Managing Time Efficiently

Logical reasoning questions can be time-consuming. During an exam, you encounter a lengthy puzzle that looks complicated. Instead of getting stuck, you mark it to revisit later and first answer shorter, simpler questions. This way, you secure easy marks early and reduce pressure, increasing overall test performance.

4. Using Diagrams and Visual Representation

For problems related to seating arrangements, blood relations, and direction sense, drawing diagrams simplifies complex relationships. For example, a seating arrangement question describes where people sit relative to each other. Drawing a simple circle and placing each person based on the clues clarifies their positions, making it easier to answer who sits opposite whom without re-reading the text multiple times.

5. Practicing with Mock Tests and Past Papers

Regular practice using previous years' papers and mock tests familiarizes you with different question patterns and improves problem-solving efficiency. After reviewing mistakes, you realize you consistently struggle with direction sense questions. Focusing your practice on these improves your skills and confidence before the actual test day.

6. Strengthening Logical Thinking Skills

Developing logical reasoning skills requires a habit of analyzing real-life situations critically. Engaging in brain-training activities like puzzles, Sudoku, and chess helps in improving logical thought processes and pattern recognition.

7. Avoiding Assumptions

Logical reasoning questions require fact-based conclusions rather than subjective interpretations. For example,  a question states, “All employees in a company attended a seminar.” You’re tempted to assume the seminar was successful. Instead, you focus only on the information given without guessing outcomes, ensuring your answer is based solely on facts and logical deduction.

Get more insights here: 15 Interview Tips to Stand Out in Your Job Interview

What Are Some Advanced Logical Reasoning Techniques For Professionals?

For professionals, logical reasoning goes beyond basic problem-solving and involves advanced techniques to enhance critical thinking, strategic decision-making, and analytical reasoning. Here are some advanced techniques:

1. Reverse Engineering Solutions

Instead of solving problems traditionally, professionals can work backward from the given answer choices to determine the most logical solution. This technique is especially useful in competitive tests and business scenarios where efficiency matters.

49. Given four possible investment strategies, which one minimizes risk if the portfolio’s volatility is below 5%?
 Answer: Strategy C.
 How to Answer: Work backward by checking which strategy meets the risk threshold in the provided data, rather than calculating risk for all strategies individually. This saves time and avoids unnecessary calculations.

50. A complex algorithm outputs one of five results. Which input is most likely if the output is X?
 Answer: Input 3.
 How to Answer: Instead of forward simulating all inputs, test each output option against known inputs to find the matching case quickly.

51. Among multiple marketing plans, which yields the highest ROI given partial sales data?
 Answer: Plan B.
 How to Answer: Use partial results and eliminate plans that don’t fit before full analysis, reversing the typical evaluation process.

52. A software bug occurs only with specific input combinations. How to find the faulty input without exhaustive testing?
 Answer: Start from the failing output and reverse engineer possible inputs using known constraints. This approach is efficient for debugging complex systems.

2. Conditional and Hypothetical Reasoning

This involves assessing "if-then" scenarios to predict possible outcomes. Professionals use this approach in strategic planning, risk assessment, and troubleshooting complex issues.

53. If a company invests in AI and the market demand rises, what is the likely effect on profits?
 Answer: Profits will increase significantly.
 How to Answer: Assess “if-then” conditions separately and then combine their effects logically to predict outcomes.

54. If regulatory changes occur and competitors reduce prices, how will customer retention be affected?
 Answer: Retention will decrease unless the company adapts pricing.
 How to Answer: Consider multiple hypothetical conditions and analyze their combined impact on the target metric.

55. If a supply chain disruption occurs but contingency plans activate, what happens to delivery timelines?
 Answer: Delays are minimized but may not be fully avoided.
 How to Answer: Evaluate both the disruption and mitigation steps conditionally to forecast realistic results.

56. If employee productivity rises by 10% while operating costs remain fixed, how will net profit change?
 Answer: Net profit will increase, assuming constant sales.
 How to Answer: Apply “if-then” reasoning by isolating variables and their influence on financial outcomes.

3. Logical Chains and Deductive Sequences

Building a sequence of logically connected statements ensures consistency in decision-making. This is often used in legal reasoning, policy analysis, and programming logic.

57. Given statements: All X are Y; Some Y are Z; No Z are W. Can any W be X?
 Answer: No.
 How to Answer: Build logical sequences from premises, tracking relationships to test consistency and draw conclusions.

58. If: Every employee who works remotely has access to VPN. Sarah has VPN access. Can we conclude Sarah works remotely?
 Answer: No.
 How to Answer: Analyze deductive sequences carefully to avoid reverse assumptions; the conclusion must logically follow from premises.

59. All policies approved by the board are implemented next quarter. Policy P was not implemented. Was it approved?
 Answer: No.
 How to Answer: Use deductive chains to check consistency between conditions and outcomes.

4. Bayesian Thinking and Probability Analysis

Bayesian reasoning helps professionals update their beliefs based on new evidence. This is widely applied in finance, medical diagnostics, and AI-based decision-making.

60. If a test for disease X is 99% accurate and 1% of the population has X, what is the probability a positive test means actual infection?
 Answer: About 50%.
 How to Answer: Use Bayes’ theorem to update probabilities based on new evidence and base rates.

61. After receiving new market data, what is the updated probability that stock A will rise if initial belief was 60%?
 Answer: Depends on the likelihood of new data given market conditions.
 How to Answer: Apply Bayesian updating to combine prior beliefs with new information.

62. A machine learning model predicts fraud with 90% accuracy. If flagged transactions increase, what should be the revised risk assessment?
 Answer: Use Bayesian analysis to adjust risk estimates based on observed false positive rates.
 How to Answer: Continuously revise probabilities with incoming data for better decision-making.

Also Read: Top Probability Aptitude Questions & Answers [2025]

Read More: 60 Most Asked Data Science Interview Questions and Answers for 2025

You’ve built a strong foundation with these logical reasoning questions with answers. Next, focus on staying calm under pressure and sharpening your attention to detail. Practice explaining your thought process clearly—it helps catch mistakes and deepens understanding. Keep exploring different question types regularly to stay sharp.

Conclusion

Logical reasoning questions come in many forms—like analogies that test relationships, puzzles that challenge deduction, and syllogisms that check logical conclusions. To tackle these, it helps to first understand the question type and then break problems into smaller parts. 

But even with these tips, solving questions quickly and accurately can feel confusing and stressful. 

To help bridge this gap, upGrad’s personalized career guidance can help you explore the right learning path based on your goals. You can also visit your nearest upGrad center and start hands-on training today!  

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References:
https://timespro.com/blog/what-are-some-commonly-asked-logical-questions-during-interview